Book of Proceedings Tenth Workshop Primorsko, Bulgaria 2018

Abstract

IIn ns st tr ru um me en nt ta at ti io on n f fo or r S Sp pa ac ce e W We ea at th he er r D Da at ta a P Pr ro oc ce es ss si in ng g a an nd d M Mo on ni it to or ri in ng g Sadovnichii V.A., Panasyuk M.I., Lipunov V.M., Bogomolov A.V., Bogomolov V.V. et.al. Monitoring of space radiation and other hazards in multi-satellite project `Universat-SOCRAT 123 S. Yerin, A. Stanislavsky, I. Bubnov, A. Konovalenko, P. Tokarsky, V. Zakharenko Small-sized radio telescopes for monitoring and studies of solar radio emission at meter and decameter wavelengths 129 M.M. Kalinichenko, O.O. Konovalenko, A.I. Brazhenko, N.V Šterc, D. Roša, D. Maričić, D. Hržina, I. Romštajn, A. Chilingarian, T. Karapetyan, D. Cafuta, M. Horvat Abstract.A powerful series of solar flares is occurred in the minimum of solar activity 2017 September 4 -11 over the active region AR12673. This active region produces two large and many small flares. The flare X8.2 is followed by solar cosmic rays. The active region at that time is situated on the back side of the Sun disk behind the Western limb. The front of the accelerated protons flux arrives to the Earth with the delay not exceeding the proton flight time from the Sun. Such proton propagation can occur only along the lines of the interplanetary magnetic field. There is no reason to believe that the mechanisms of cosmic ray acceleration on the Sun and other stars are of different nature. The flux of relativistic electrons does not show any connection with the solar cosmic rays. The results of SDO spacecraft are used to study the pre-flare state and flare development. The source of flare radiation in the spectral lines of the highly ionized irons FeXXIV and FeXXIII is observed in the corona. The emission of these spectral lines sharp increases during flare X-ray radiation appearing. The energy release of a flare occurs in the corona above an active region. The temperature in the flare is greater than 20 MK. The size of the hot plasma cloud is ~10 10 cm. IntroductionThe solar constant indicates an amazing stability of the solar thermonuclear reactor. The solar constant is 1367 W/m 2 . The change of the solar constant during the 11-year cycle of solar activity does not exceed ~10 -3 . Against the backdrop of this amazing stability of the Sun's work the big solar flares are observed several times per a year. The flare energy release takes place in the corona over a complex active region with a magnetic flux greater than 10 22Mx. The energy of a solar flare can exceed 10 32 erg. The flare duration is from 10 to 100 minutes. The flare is a manifestation of a number of physical processes, including X-ray radiation, the ejection of the corona substance and proton acceleration to the relativistic energy of not less than 20 GeV [Balabin et al., 2005; Podgorny and Podgorny, 2016].The Sun is the only astronomical object that generates proton pulses with the relativistic energy. The solar proton acceleration takes place along a singular line of the current sheet above an active region. The electric ...