Bone regeneration using particulate grafts: An update

Abstract

Objective: A review is made of the publications on bone regeneration using particulate grafts, with an evaluation of the success of implants placed in such regenerated areas. Material and Method: A Medline search using different key words was made of the articles published between 1999-2009 involving at least two patients subjected to grafting with autologous, homologous or xenogenic bone, non-bony substitutes, or a combination of these grafts for the placement of dental implants. Studies involving block grafting were excluded. A total of 11 studies were evaluated. Results: These grafts are indicated in cases of small or peri-implant bone defects such as dehiscences and fenestrations, with the possibility of combining a barrier membrane. However, some authors have used particulate block grafts to secure vertical or horizontal increments of the alveolar process. In most of these cases, graft healing until implant placement lasted 6-9 months. The most frequent complications in the receptor zone were wound dehiscences with exposure of the membrane. In almost all cases, prosthetic loading of the implants took place more than three months after their placement. The implant survival rate varied from 90.9% to 100%, with an implantation success rate of 85.7% to 100%. Conclusions: Although our sample is small, due to the difficulty of finding homogeneous studies, it can be concluded that particulate grafts are effective in correcting localized defects of the alveolar process. The complications of particulate grafting are few, and the success rate of implants placed in the reconstructed areas varies from 85.7% to 100%.

Evaluation of the autogenous bone block transfer for dental implant placement: Symphysal or ramus harvesting?

“…It should also be stated the vascularization of the recipient area may have a critical effect on the resorption tendency. Grafts placed in the maxilla yield better results relative to those placed in the mandible and the use of adjunct techniques improving local angiogenesis can be recommended [ 3 , 21 ].…”

Bone Augmented With Allograft Onlays for Implant Placement Could Be Comparable With Native Bone

“…Loading time of implants placed in bone augmented with onlay grafts is controversial in the literature, and systematic reviews have shown that implants are usually loaded 3 months after surgical placement of implants in bone augmented with autograft onlays. 73,74 IMPLANT TORQUE Implants placed in native alveolar bone required greater torque compared with implants placed in augmented bone. Previous studies have shown similar results, indicating that torque values had an inverse linear relation to the Lekholm-Zarb bone quality index.…”

Effectiveness of biphasic calcium phosphate block bone substitutes processed using a modified extrusion method in rabbit calvarial defects

“…Particulate bone material with varying particle sizes has been used extensively in the dental field for restoring alveolar bone deficiencies [ 1 ]. Particulate bone material tends to be used especially frequently in guided bone regeneration [ 2 ]. The method used to apply bone particles to the recipient site appears to be quite simple: the material is placed onto the recipient bed and then packed and protected with the aid of a membrane.…”