Bone regeneration by bioactive hybrid membrane containing FGF2 within rat calvarium

Abstract

This study examined the bone regeneration potential of a novel hybrid membrane consisting of collagen and nano-bioactive glass (nBG) incorporating basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) for use in guided bone regeneration. nBG was added to a reconstitution of collagen at a concentration of 30%, and the hybrid was formulated into a thin membrane. FGF2 (50 microg/ml) was adsorbed to the hybrid membrane. This level of FGF2 was found to be the optimal concentration to stimulate osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. Three membrane groups, including pure collagen, collagen-nBG hybrid and its combination with FGF2 were implanted within a rat calvarium defect (phi = 5 mm) for a period of 3 weeks. Histomorphometric analysis was carried out to evaluate the bone regeneration within the defect. The results showed that the defect in the collagen-nBG-FGF2 membrane was recovered almost completely, while partial recovery was observed in the other membrane groups (collagen and collagen-BG). However, there was little defect recovery in the blank control. The new bone formation was as high as approximately 60, approximately 45, and approximately 30% of the defect treated with the collagen-nBG-FGF2, collagen-BG, and collagen, respectively, whilst only 4% of new bone was observed in the blank control. Overall, the nBG was shown to stimulate bone formation of the collagen membrane, and FGF2 synergistically accelerated the bone regeneration within a rat calvarium defect.

Collagen Three-Dimensional Hydrogel Matrix Carrying Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor for the Cultivation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Osteogenic Differentiation

“…Indeed, enhanced bone regeneration in a critical sized defect was obtained when collagen membranes doped with nanosized bioactive glasses had bFGF incorporated into them. 69 This correlates with data presented in the current study whereby matrix mineralization after several weeks in culture is greater in hydrogels containing bFGF. bFGF is not the only growth factor that can produce improved osteogenic responses and significant benefits have also been reported for other growth factors, including CTGF, 67 platelet-derived growth factor, 70 insulin-like growth factor, 71 and BMP2 [72][73][74] when loaded into various types of scaffold.…”

Direct deposited porous scaffolds of calcium phosphate cement with alginate for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering

“…The reconstructed 3-D lCT images showed the 3-D structure of the porous scaffold and bone in-growth within the defect region. Bone regeneration hardly occurred in the negative control, suggesting a critical size bone defect [25][26][27]. On the other hand, in the scaffold sample new bone in-growth could not be clearly differentiated from the remaining material.…”

Tissue engineered bone using select growth factors: A comprehensive review of animal studies and clinical translation studies in man

“…Tissue engineered bone and clinical translation revealed the most abundant member utilised within bone tissue engineering strategies in vivo was FGF-2, also known as basic FGF (Hirata et al, 2013;Hong et al, 2010;Maehara et al, 2009;Shirakata et al, 2010).…”

“…Considering related fold increases in bone formation within large (1.3 to 3 fold Shirakata et al, 2010)) and small animals (1.1 to 16.4 fold (Goodman et al, 2003;Hong et al, 2010)), it is interesting to note that higher dosages correlated with greater fold increases (defects with highest fold increase included tibial fracture and calvarial defect respective to large and small animals). Evidently, data suggest positive correlation between FGF-2 treatment and bone formation, potentially due to induced vessel ingrowth and ossification at the defect site (Guo et al, 2006;Maehara et al, 2009 (Bland et al, 1995;Dunstan et al, 1999;Kelpke et al, 2004), and one study utilised FGF-18 (Carli et al, 2012) which has been shown to promote chondrogenesis amongst many other functions.…”