Bone Quality in Relation to HIV and Antiretroviral Drugs

Olali, Arnold Z.; Carpenter, Kelsey A; Myers, Maria; Sharma, Anjali; Yin, Michael T.; Al‐Harthi, Lena; Ross, Ryan D.

doi:10.1007/s11904-022-00613-1

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…A recent meta‐analysis showed that PLWH with osteoporosis had lower BMD in the hip and spine compared HIV‐negative participants with osteoporosis (Starup‐Linde et al, 2020). Most studies have also found that PLWH have reduced bone microarchitecture in their long bones by high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) compared with HIV‐negative controls (see Olali et al, 2022 for review). Similar to long bone (Carballido‐Gamio et al, 2022), PLWH had reduced trabecular number in their mandibular condylar bone compared with HIV‐negative participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the mandibular condylar bone microarchitecture in people living with HIV

et al. 2023

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ObjectivesPeople living with HIV (PLWH) have been shown to have lower bone density at the spine, hip, and radius. However, whether a similar bone phenotype is seen in craniofacial bones is not known. The goal of this study was to evaluate the bone microarchitecture of the mandibular condyle in PLWH.MethodsWe recruited 212 participants, which included 88 HIV‐negative participants and 124 PLWH on combination antiretroviral therapy with virological suppression from a single academic center. Each participant filled out a validated temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain screening questionnaire and had cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of their mandibular condyles. Qualitative radiographic evidence of temporomandibular joint disorders‐osteoarthritis (TMJD‐OA) assessment and quantitative microarchitecture analysis of their mandibular condylar bones were conducted.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in either self‐reported TMD or in radiographic evidence of TMJD‐OA in PLWH compared with HIV‐negative controls. Linear regression analysis revealed that positive HIV status remained significantly associated with increased trabecular thickness, decreased cortical porosity, and increased cortical bone volume fraction after adjusting for race, diabetes, sex, and age.ConclusionPLWH have increased mandibular condylar trabecular bone thickness and cortical bone volume fraction compared with HIV‐negative controls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the mandibular condylar bone microarchitecture in people living with HIV

et al. 2023

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“…Another scenario that connects virus and senescence is osteoporosis and osteopenia, in which the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the likelihood of these senescence-related diseases ( Ofotokun et al., 2012 ; Olali et al., 2022 ). Cellular senescence is considered to be an important factor in this disease, and there is compelling evidence that HIV infection is a risk factor for this pathological condition ( Dolan et al., 2006 ; Stone et al., 2010 ).…”

Section: Interplay Between Systemic Infections and Immunosenescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of viral and bacterial infections to senescence and immunosenescence

Reyes,

Ortiz,

Duarte

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Cellular senescence is a key biological process characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest. The accumulation of senescent cells creates a pro-inflammatory environment that can negatively affect tissue functions and may promote the development of aging-related diseases. Typical biomarkers related to senescence include senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, histone H2A.X phosphorylation at serine139 (γH2A.X), and senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) with heterochromatin protein 1γ (HP-1γ protein) Moreover, immune cells undergoing senescence, which is known as immunosenescence, can affect innate and adaptative immune functions and may elicit detrimental effects over the host’s susceptibility to infectious diseases. Although associations between senescence and pathogens have been reported, clear links between both, and the related molecular mechanisms involved remain to be determined. Furthermore, it remains to be determined whether infections effectively induce senescence, the impact of senescence and immunosenescence over infections, or if both events coincidently share common molecular markers, such as γH2A.X and p53. Here, we review and discuss the most recent reports that describe cellular hallmarks and biomarkers related to senescence in immune and non-immune cells in the context of infections, seeking to better understand their relationships. Related literature was searched in Pubmed and Google Scholar databases with search terms related to the sections and subsections of this review.

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“…The compelling nature of this subject stems from the multifaceted risk factors for bone disease in HIV, which involve a combination of traditional risk factors and those uniquely associated with HIV infection and its treatment [1]. Recent studies, employing a variety of modern, state-of-the-art diagnostic techniques have confirmed altered bone microarchitecture and reduced bone strength in this population, which could be attributed to the impact of prolonged ART, the chronic inflammatory state associated with the condition, or a combination of these factors [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Disease in HIV: Need for Early Diagnosis and Prevention

Schinas,

Ntampanlis

et al. 2024

Life

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The transformation of HIV into a manageable chronic condition has unveiled new clinical challenges associated with aging-related pathologies, including bone disease. This review explores the intricate relationship between HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and bone disease, highlighting the necessity of early diagnosis and preventative strategies to mitigate the increased risk of osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fractures in people living with HIV (PLWHIV). It synthesizes the current literature to elucidate the multifactorial etiology of bone pathology in this population, that includes direct viral effects, chronic immune activation, ART-associated risks, and the impact of traditional risk factors for bone loss. Through a critical examination of modern diagnostic methods, lifestyle modifications, evidence-based preventive actions, and pharmacological treatments, the necessity for comprehensive management is highlighted, along with recommendations for integrated healthcare approaches vital for achieving optimal patient outcomes. By advocating for a proactive, patient-centered, and multidisciplinary strategy, this review proposes a plan to integrate bone health into standard HIV care through active risk identification, vigilant screening, effective preventive measures, tailored treatments, and informed decision-making, in an effort to ultimately enhance the quality of life for PLWHIV.

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Bone Quality in Relation to HIV and Antiretroviral Drugs

Cited by 6 publications

References 144 publications

Evaluation of the mandibular condylar bone microarchitecture in people living with HIV

Evaluation of the mandibular condylar bone microarchitecture in people living with HIV

Contribution of viral and bacterial infections to senescence and immunosenescence

Bone Disease in HIV: Need for Early Diagnosis and Prevention

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