Bone Preservation in Hayonim Cave (Israel): a Macroscopic and Mineralogical Study

Stiner, Mary C.; Kuhn, Steven L.; Surovell, Todd A.; Goldberg, Paul; Meignen, Liliane; Weiner, Stephen; Bar‐Yosef, Ofer

doi:10.1006/jasc.2000.0634

Cited by 105 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…We have not observed areas devoid of bones, which might suggest the existence of dissolution fronts (e.g., Weiner & Bar-Yosef, 1990;Weiner et al, 1993Weiner et al, , 1995Karkanas et al, 2000;Stiner et al, 2001). Bone has been encountered in thin sections of the ashrelated sediments, indicating its presence also on a microscopic level.…”

Section: Agents Of Accumulation and Selective Preservationmentioning

confidence: 76%

Faunal analysis from Amud Cave: preliminary results and interpretations

Rabinovich

Hovers

2004

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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The Late Mousterian Neanderthal site of Amud Cave (dated ca. 70-55 kyr) is situated on the margins of the Dead Sea Rift, about 5 km northwest of the Sea of Galilee. Recent excavations at the site yielded rich lithic, faunal and human skeletal assemblages. This paper presents some characteristics of the faunal assemblages from Amud Cave, combined with pertinent results of taphonomic and micromorphological studies, and places them in the context of other Late Mousterian archaeofaunas in the southern Levant.

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Section: Agents Of Accumulation and Selective Preservationmentioning

confidence: 76%

Faunal analysis from Amud Cave: preliminary results and interpretations

Rabinovich

Hovers

2004

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…This all has clear implications for the comparability of results between studies and institutions, and it is worth noting that the KBr method is the more common approach in the literature -likely due to the ages of the two methods and the prevalence and access to the KBr set-up. Finally, whilst Thompson et al (2011) concluded that the anatomical location of the sample did not have an effect on the results of crystallinity measures, this was in contrast to Stiner et al (2001), who argued that the greater surface area seen in spongy bone allowed for greater diagenetic change and therefore potentially different crystallinity values.…”

Section: Interpreting Heat-induced Crystallinity Changesmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Analysis of Heat-Induced Crystallinity Change in Bone

Thompson

2015

The Analysis of Burned Human Remains

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“…This full-scale analytical technique, in combination with optical and electron microscopy, has resulted in the detailed documentation of diagenetic changes in caves, with critical implications for bone preservation and chronometric dating. 18,87,88 The results of any of these analytical techniques, however, are still only as reliable as the field work that places these samples within the correct stratigraphic and archeological context. The integrity of the field work and precision of the field observations in the context of the depositional environment and the archeological stratigraphy provide the framework in which to interpret the geoarcheological laboratory data.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 96%

Deciphering human prehistory through the geoarcheological study of cave sediments

Goldberg

Sherwood

2006

Evolutionary Anthropology

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121

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Caves form within lithified (cemented) rocks, most characteristically a wide variety of carbonate rocks (dolomite and limestone in particular) or sandstones. Much less commonly, however, caves can be found in other rock types, such as extrusive igneous lava tubes, salt (for example, Mt. Sedom, Israel) or, as in the case of the Qumran Caves where the Dead Sea Scrolls were found, within soft marls or other unconsolidated sediments. 1 Here we emphasize karst or carbonate environments, as they represent the majority of archeological cave environments. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Humans explored deep caves, engaged in mineral mining, performed rituals, and produced art; however, they did not use cave interiors as longterm habitation areas. Within deep cave systems, surfaces typically remain stable for long periods of time, up to millions of years, so these characteristically sparse archeological records are usually on the same surface and rarely involve stratigraphy. 9 Most cave-related archeological studies focus on cave entrances, specifically areas at and within the entrance where light is limited but still present, which often are called twilight zones. Here, sediments from multiple sources accumulate, resulting in complex stratigraphic sequences that provide some of the best windows available into human prehistory. In this review we concentrate on these cave entrances, which are characterized by subterranean passages and larger chambers than those of rockshelters and shallow rock recesses, which exist completely within the reaches of natural light, ambient temperature, and moisture conditions. 10,11 Rockshelters and their sediments are more susceptible to the atmosphere. As a result, the depositional and postdepositional processes acting in rockshelter settings are somewhat different from those in caves, more akin to open-air sites. Sediments in rockshelter environments have been the focus on sevThroughout human history, caves and rockshelters have been favored habitation places. These unique environments preserve sediments derived from an assortment of geological and human processes that are typically absent or masked at open-air sites. Cave sediments are parts of larger stratigraphic frameworks that can reflect environmental changes, shifting microenvironments, and the nature of human activity within these confined and sheltered spaces. Stone tools and faunal material compose the artifact assemblages from caves that are typically studied. Cave sediments, on the other hand, which encase the archeological finds and which have both geological and human origins, have been understudied relative to traditional artifacts, in spite of their ubiquity and importance. Thus, anthropogenic sediments, the most striking of which are organic-rich deposits, and combustion features merit the same attention as any other artifacts that result from human activities and behaviors.The purpose of this paper is to highlight some of the most salient aspects of prehistoric cave sediments and the processes revealed by recent studies of these ac...

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Bone Preservation in Hayonim Cave (Israel): a Macroscopic and Mineralogical Study

Cited by 105 publications

References 34 publications

Faunal analysis from Amud Cave: preliminary results and interpretations

Faunal analysis from Amud Cave: preliminary results and interpretations

The Analysis of Heat-Induced Crystallinity Change in Bone

Deciphering human prehistory through the geoarcheological study of cave sediments

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