Bone-Only Versus Visceral-Only Metastatic Pattern in Breast Cancer

Je, Perez; Machiavelli, M; Leone, Bernardo Amadeo; Romero, A; Mg, Rabinovich; Ct, Vallejo; Bianco, A; Rodríguez, Ricardo; Cuevas, María Teresa; La, Alvarez

doi:10.1097/00000421-199008000-00005

Cited by 67 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…This fact may partly explain the observed poor prognosis for patients with metastatic disease in our study. It has been observed that patients with adenocarcinoma of the breast without metaplasia who develop bone or soft tissue only disease have an improved overall survival compared with those patients who develop visceral-only disease [23,24]. The median survival of patients with visceral-only disease reported by Perez et al [23] and Sherry et al [24] was 13 months and 17 months, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It has been observed that patients with adenocarcinoma of the breast without metaplasia who develop bone or soft tissue only disease have an improved overall survival compared with those patients who develop visceral-only disease [23,24]. The median survival of patients with visceral-only disease reported by Perez et al [23] and Sherry et al [24] was 13 months and 17 months, respectively. The eight month median survival after detection of metastatic disease in our patient cohort suggests that metastatic metaplastic breast cancer may behave in a more aggressive fashion as compared to non-metaplastic breast cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Metaplastic breast cancer: Prognosis and response to systemic therapy

Rayson¹,

Adjei²,

Suman³

et al. 1999

Annals of Oncology

217

237

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SummaryBackground: Metaplastic breast cancer is a rare disease with little information available to guide therapy. The goals of this study were to describe the patient characteristics, systemic therapies and clinical outcomes of all patients with primary metaplastic breast cancer treated at Mayo Clinic between 1976 and 1997.Patients and methods: Patients were identified through the medical index of Mayo Clinic. Clinical information was abstracted from the medical record of each patient. A literature search using MEDLINE and CANCERLIT for the years 1966-1997 was performed to identify all previously reported case series in the English language containing 10 or more patients.Results: Twenty-seven patients were identified with a median age at diagnosis of 59 years (range 39-90 years). The median tumor size was 3.4 cm (range 0.5-7.0 cm). One patient had metastatic disease at presentation. Twenty-three patients had information available on nodal status, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status. Twenty patients (87%) were node-negative and three patients (13%) were both ER and PR positive. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Metaplastic breast cancer: Prognosis and response to systemic therapy

Rayson¹,

Adjei²,

Suman³

et al. 1999

Annals of Oncology

217

237

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“…Breast and prostate cancer are the most common carcinomas to develop bone metastases, with an incidence of 65-75% and 68%, respectively [2]. In addition, carcinomas of lung, kidney, and thyroid give rise to bone metastases in approximately 30-40% of cases [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology of Metastatic Tumors to Bone: Effects of Decalcification as Experienced at a Single Cancer Center

Henderson-Jackson¹

2016

Oncology and cancer case reports

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IntroductionBone metastases are a frequent complication of renal cancer [1]. Breast and prostate cancer are the most common carcinomas to develop bone metastases, with an incidence of 65-75% and 68%, respectively [2]. In addition, carcinomas of lung, kidney, and thyroid give rise to bone metastases in approximately 30-40% of cases [1]. In contrast, gastrointestinal tract carcinomas rarely produce bone metastases (<10%) [3]. The primary problems that arise from bone metastases are pain, pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, hypercalcemia, and bone marrow suppression [1]. Decalcification ProcessBone, a specialized connective tissue, is composed of a collagenous and non-collagenous matrix proteins strengthened by deposits of calcium salts that play an essential role in the hard, rigid architecture and function of bone [3,4]. In order to study bone pathology, bone tissue is routinely placed within a formalin fixative followed by a decalcification procedure to remove the calcium salts. If a bone specimen is placed into a decalcification solution without prior formalin fixation the tissue will be macerated destroying tissue morphology and nuclear staining [5]. Removal of the calcium salts makes the bone tissue pliable and flexible which is necessary in order to section the tissue for microscopic evaluation. The decalcification procedure can be a lengthy process that may take several days or even weeks depending on the size of the bone. In our pathology department, once the tissue is submitted for decalcification the specimen is recorded into a log book detailing the date and time the specimen is placed into and removed from the Decal solution. Our pathology department uses a Decal solution named Nitrical which contains deionized water and nitric acid. Specimens in Decal solution are checked daily for pliability and softness. The Decal solution is changed on a regular basis due to the fact that the calcium ions that have been removed may saturate the solution preventing further decalcification. Occasionally, extremely rigid tissue may be processed within a microwave histoprocessor in order to decrease the amount of time for decalcification. Experienced histotechnologists test the completeness of decalcification through bending the tissue. Larger, denser bone specimens may be evaluated with X-ray radiographs to determine if the specimen is appropriately decalcified [5]. When the decalcification process is complete, the tissue is thoroughly washed in running tap water for 15-30 minutes to rinse off residual acid and neutralize the tissue. Appropriately size cut sections (0.5 cm in thickness overall size and volume not as critical as thickness) of bone tissue adequately formalin-fixed and decalcified are at this point able to be processed, embedded, and sectioned for light microscopy. All solutions utilized in the decalcification process are changed daily [6]. ResultsFrom January 2011 to August 2011 approximately 3076 specimens were submitted for decalcification according to the log book of which 86 specimens w...

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“…Bone metastases are a frequent complication of cancer, and half of the individuals who died of cancer have bone metastates (Rubens 1998). Breast and prostate carcinomas are the most common to develop metastases to bone, with an incidence of 75% and 68%, respectively (Perez et al 1990). In addition, lung, thyroid, and renal carcinoma metastasize to bone in approximately 40% of cases (Rubens 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain subsets of patients with bone metastases (eg, breast and prostate cancer with predominately bone or bone-only metastases) have life expectancies that range from two to fi ve years. The fi ve-year survival rate of breast cancer patients with either bone or bone-only metastases can be as high as 45%, and those with bone-only metastases have a median survival of 52 months (Perez et al 1990;Yamashi et al 1991Yamashi et al , 1992. Thus, successful management of bone metastases during these years is essential for reducing skeletal complications and for maximizing patient quality of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%