Abstract:The intricacy of cell interactions with their microenvironment and their ability to communicate at the autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine levels continues to be revealed. Until recently, the musculoskeletal system was believed to be directed primarily by a relationship of proximity and function, dictated in large part by mechanical forces and the work of gravity. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the biomechanical theory of bone‐muscle interaction and to present the substantial evolution… Show more
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