Bone microstructure in finite element modeling: the functional role of trabeculae in the femoral head of Sciurus vulgaris

Mielke, Maja; Nyakatura, John A.

doi:10.1007/s00435-019-00456-2

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Vertices with the highest deviation from the position of the local HMH mainly occurred on surface areas with numerous artifacts and on the inside of bones at trabeculae (Figure 5b,c). The latter observation might be of particular importance for the usage of CT‐derived surfaces in finite‐element (FE) analyses, as trabeculae are known to be a part of the load‐transferring mechanism in bones (Barak et al, 2008) and their omission in FE models results in considerably higher von Mises stresses (Mielke & Nyakatura, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of bone segmentation and surface generation strategies analyzed by using synthetic CT volumes

Engelkes

2020

Journal of Anatomy

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of bone segmentation and surface generation strategies analyzed by using synthetic CT volumes

Engelkes

2020

Journal of Anatomy

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“…This could be related to the uniform arboreal ecology of the group: arboreal animals navigate highly complex three-dimensional environments on a daily basis, and have trabecular bone structure that reflect that complexity (e.g. [68]; but see [69,70]). Most trabecular bone studies include animals with a variety of locomotor ecologies, including arboreal animals [48,67,71,72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small skeletons show size-specific scaling: an exploration of allometry in the mammalian lumbar spine

Smith,

Heaney,

Angielczyk

2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Studies of vertebrate bone biomechanics often focus on skeletal adaptations at upper extremes of body mass, disregarding the importance of skeletal adaptations at lower extremes. Yet mammals are ancestrally small and most modern species have masses under 5 kg, so the evolution of morphology and function at small size should be prioritized for understanding how mammals subsist. We examined allometric scaling of lumbar vertebrae in the small-bodied Philippine endemic rodents known as cloud rats, which vary in mass across two orders of magnitude (15.5 g–2700 g). External vertebral dimensions scale with isometry or positive allometry, likely relating to body size and nuances in quadrupedal posture. In contrast to most mammalian trabecular bone studies, bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness scale with positive allometry and isometry, respectively. It is physiologically impossible for these trends to continue to the upper extremes of mammalian body size, and we demonstrate a fundamental difference in trabecular bone allometry between large- and small-bodied mammals. These findings have important implications for the biomechanical capabilities of mammalian bone at small body size; for the selective pressures that govern skeletal evolution in small mammals; and for the way we define ‘small’ and ‘large’ in the context of vertebrate skeletons.

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“…As a consequence of this approach, all coracoids were scaled and orientated in a way that reflected the actual conditions in the specimens and they were modeled as solid structures. Neglecting inner structures was expected to have a minor effect base on the observations of Mielke and Nyakatura (2019). The coracoid in Hemisus marmoratus was fused to other bones; those bones were manually removed (MODO).…”

Section: Finite Element Analysis Of Coracoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecomorphology of the pectoral girdle in anurans (Amphibia, Anura): Shape diversity and biomechanical considerations

Engelkes

Kath

Kleinteich³

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Frogs and toads (Lissamphibia: Anura) show a diversity of locomotor modes that allow them to inhabit a wide range of habitats. The different locomotor modes are likely to be linked to anatomical specializations of the skeleton within the typical frog Bauplan. While such anatomical adaptations of the hind limbs and the pelvic girdle are comparably well understood, the pectoral girdle received much less attention in the past. We tested for locomotor‐mode‐related shape differences in the pectoral girdle bones of 64 anuran species by means of micro‐computed‐tomography‐based geometric morphometrics. The pectoral girdles of selected species were analyzed with regard to the effects of shape differences on muscle moment arms across the shoulder joint and stress dissipation within the coracoid. Phylogenetic relationships, size, and locomotor behavior have an effect on the shape of the pectoral girdle in anurans, but there are differences in the relative impact of these factors between the bones of this skeletal unit. Remarkable shape diversity has been observed within locomotor groups indicating many‐to‐one mapping of form onto function. Significant shape differences have mainly been related to the overall pectoral girdle geometry and the shape of the coracoid. Most prominent shape differences have been found between burrowing and nonburrowing species with headfirst and backward burrowing species significantly differing from one another and from the other locomotor groups. The pectoral girdle shapes of burrowing species have generally larger moment arms for (simulated) humerus retractor muscles across the shoulder joint, which might be an adaptation to the burrowing behavior. The mechanisms of how the moment arms were enlarged differed between species and were associated with differences in the reaction of the coracoid to simulated loading by physiologically relevant forces.

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Bone microstructure in finite element modeling: the functional role of trabeculae in the femoral head of Sciurus vulgaris

Cited by 7 publications

References 64 publications

Accuracy of bone segmentation and surface generation strategies analyzed by using synthetic CT volumes

Accuracy of bone segmentation and surface generation strategies analyzed by using synthetic CT volumes

Small skeletons show size-specific scaling: an exploration of allometry in the mammalian lumbar spine

Ecomorphology of the pectoral girdle in anurans (Amphibia, Anura): Shape diversity and biomechanical considerations

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