Bone micro-architecture of elite alpine skiers is not reflected by bone mineral density

Liphardt, Anna‐Maria; Schipilow, John; Macdonald, Heather M.; Kan, Michelle; Zieger, Anja; Boyd, Steven K.

doi:10.1007/s00198-015-3133-y

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…( 48 ) There are few data examining human trabecular microarchitecture in response to loading. Cross‐sectional HRpQCT studies have reported no difference in trabecular microarchitecture between female athletes in weight‐bearing sports with athletes in non–weight‐bearing sports or controls, ( 49,50 ) a higher trabecular number in female alpine skiers compared with controls, ( 51 ) and a positive association between physical activity history and trabecular microarchitecture in young men and women. ( 52 ) Longitudinal data show no adaptation in the trabecular microarchitecture following a 61‐day Antarctic traverse in women and 13 weeks of British Army basic training in men, ( 4 ) and an increase in trabecular thickness and number following 8 weeks of US Army basic training in women (3) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tibial Macrostructure and Microarchitecture Adaptations in Women During 44 Weeks of Arduous Military Training

O’Leary

Wardle

Gifford

et al. 2020

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bone adapts to unaccustomed, high-impact loading but loses mechanosensitivity quickly. Short periods of military training (≤12 weeks) increase the density and size of the tibia in women. The effect of longer periods of military training, where the incidence of stress fracture is high, on tibial macrostructure and microarchitecture in women is unknown. This observational study recruited 51 women (age 19 to 30 years) at the start of 44 weeks of British Army Officer training. Tibial volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), geometry, and microarchitecture were measured by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT). Scans of the right tibial metaphysis (4% site) and diaphysis (30% site) were performed at weeks 1, 14, 28, and 44. Measures of whole-body areal bone mineral density (aBMD) were obtained using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Blood samples were taken at weeks 1, 28, and 44, and were analyzed for markers of bone formation and resorption. Trabecular vBMD increased from week 1 to 44 at the 4% site (3.0%, p < .001). Cortical vBMD decreased from week 1 to 14 at the 30% site (−0.3%, p < .001). Trabecular area decreased at the 4% site (−0.4%); trabecular bone volume fraction (3.5%), cortical area (4.8%), and cortical thickness (4.0%) increased at the 4% site; and, cortical perimeter increased at the 30% site (0.5%) from week 1 to 44 (p ≤ .005). Trabecular number (3.5%) and thickness (2.1%) increased, and trabecular separation decreased (−3.1%), at the 4% site from week 1 to 44 (p < .001). Training increased failure load at the 30% site from week 1 to 44 (2.5%, p < .001). Training had no effect on aBMD or markers of bone formation or resorption. Tibial macrostructure and microarchitecture continued to adapt across 44 weeks of military training in young women. Temporal decreases in cortical density support a role of intracortical remodeling in the pathogenesis of stress fracture.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tibial Macrostructure and Microarchitecture Adaptations in Women During 44 Weeks of Arduous Military Training

O’Leary

Wardle

Gifford

et al. 2020

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, female skiers (39,40) displayed estimated bone strength values at the tibia greater than the 90th centile. Clinicians and researchers have the ability to compare individuals or cohorts to this normative data, providing an overall quantitative assessment of bone health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinicians and researchers have the ability to compare individuals or cohorts to this normative data, providing an overall quantitative assessment of bone health. For example, female skiers (39,40) displayed estimated bone strength values at the tibia greater than the 90th centile. Alternatively, postmenopausal women with fragility fractures had total bone mineral density at the radius below the 25th centile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex- and Site-Specific Normative Data Curves for HR-pQCT

Burt

Liang

Sajobi

et al. 2016

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to develop age-, site-, and sex-specific centile curves for common high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and finite-element (FE) parameters for males and females older than 16 years. Participants (n = 866) from the Calgary cohort of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) between the ages of 16 and 98 years were included in this study. Participants' nondominant radius and left tibia were scanned using HR-pQCT. Standard and automated segmentation methods were performed and FE analysis estimated apparent bone strength. Centile curves were generated for males and females at the tibia and radius using the generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) package in R. After GAMLSS analysis, age-, sex-, and site-specific centiles (10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th) for total bone mineral density and trabecular number as well as failure load have been calculated. Clinicians and researchers can use these reference curves as a tool to assess bone health and changes in bone quality. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

show abstract

“…Moreover, reputable evidence exists showing that children, adolescents, and active adults have greater BMD, and they have less risk of fractures than do their inactive peers [ 13 , 14 ]. Therefore, an adequate level of physical aptitude is an important contributor to bone density health, particularly, with regard to the mechanical action that promotes functional adaptation of bone [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand grip strength and maximum peak expiratory flow: determinants of bone mineral density of adolescent students

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMaintaining and building healthy bones during the lifetime requires a complicated interaction between a number of physiological and lifestyle factors. Our goal of this study was to analyze the association between hand grip strength and the maximum peak expiratory flow with bone mineral density and content in adolescent students.MethodsThe research team studied 1427 adolescent students of both sexes (750 males and 677 females) between the ages of 11.0 and 18.9 years in the Maule Region of Talca (Chile). Weight, standing height, sitting height, hand grip strength (HGS), and maximum peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured. Furthermore, bone mineral density (BMD) and total body bone mineral content (BMC) were determined by using the Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA). Hand grip strength and PEF were categorized in tertiles (lowest, middle, and highest). Linear regression was performed in steps to analyze the relationship between the variables. Differences between categories were determined through ANOVA.ResultsIn males, the hand grip strength explained 18–19% of the BMD and 20–23% of the BMC. For the females, the percentage of variation occurred between 12 and 13% of the BMD and 17–18% of the BMC. The variation of PEF for the males was observed as 33% of the BMD and 36% of the BMC. For the females, both the BMD and BMC showed a variation of 19%. The HGS and PEF were divided into three categories (lowest, middle, and highest). In both cases, significant differences occurred in bone density health between the three categories.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the HGS and the PEF related positively to the bone density health of both sexes of adolescent students. The adolescents with poor values for hand grip strength and expiratory flow showed reduced values of BMD and BMC for the total body. Furthermore, the PEF had a greater influence on bone density health with respect to the HGS of the adolescents of both sexes.

show abstract

Bone micro-architecture of elite alpine skiers is not reflected by bone mineral density

Abstract: Higher bone strength in elite alpine skiers is achieved through micro-architectural adaptation that is not apparent by BMD measurements alone. The improved micro-architecture at radius and tibia suggests that muscle forces may play an important role in bone adaptation.

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Tibial Macrostructure and Microarchitecture Adaptations in Women During 44 Weeks of Arduous Military Training

Tibial Macrostructure and Microarchitecture Adaptations in Women During 44 Weeks of Arduous Military Training

Sex- and Site-Specific Normative Data Curves for HR-pQCT

Hand grip strength and maximum peak expiratory flow: determinants of bone mineral density of adolescent students

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About