Bone metabolism parameters and their relation to cytogenetics in multiple myeloma

Abstract

Objectives Our aim was to correlate serum levels of selected markers of bone metabolism and bone marrow microenvironment to cytogenetic changes in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods We assed cytogenetic changes in 308 patients and correlated them with the following levels of bone marrow metabolism: thymidine kinase (TK), β2‐microglobulin (b‐2‐m), Dickkopf‐1 protein (DKK‐1), C‐terminal telopeptide collagen‐I (ICTP), N‐terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), receptor for interleukin 6 (rIL‐6), vascular cell adhesive molecule‐1 (VCAM), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, osteoprotegerin (OPG), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), syndecan‐1 (SYN‐1) and Fas antigen. Result Individuals with delRB1 had lower levels of OPG (M = 7.39 vs. 5.46 pmol/L, p = .025) and VEGF (M = 304 vs. 196 pg/ml; p = .036). t(14;16) was associated with higher β2m levels (M = 7.59 vs. 4.13 mg/L; p = .022) and lower DKK‐1 levels (M = 4465 ng/L vs. 12,593). The presence of 1q21 gain was associated with higher levels of TK (M = 100.0 vs. 11.0 IU/L, p = .026) and lower levels of PINP (M = 49.3 vs. 67.4 mg/L, p = .030). Conclusions Our analysis has shown, some cytogenetic changes, especially delRB1, t(14;16) and 1q21gain, which affect the components of the cytokine network in multiple myeloma.

The numerous facets of 1q21+ in multiple myeloma: Pathogenesis, clinicopathological features, prognosis and clinical progress (Review)

“…The aforementioned study found that progressive clonal expansion was a feature of 17.5% 1q gain cases, whereby 1q gain at diagnosis evolved into 1q amplification at relapse. Compared with normal 1q + , 1q + from presentation and evolution of new gain (1q + ) at relapse were both associated with significantly shorter OS (HR, 2.11; P=0.0040; and HR, 2.00; P=0.021, respectively) (71).…”

“…Osteopathy, such as myeloma, is present in >80% of patients with MM at diagnosis, which ranges from osteoporosis to typical lytic lesions, and then to advanced lesions such as structural bone defects or pathological fractures (70). In a retrospective study of 308 patients with MM, the presence of 1q21 gain was associated with a higher level of thymidine kinase (TK) (P=0.026) and a lower level of amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP) (P=0.030) (71). Among them, TK is a cell proliferation marker.…”

New diagnostic strategy for multiple myeloma: A review

“…The efficacy of urinalysis in monitoring patients with MM is limited by factors such as limited analytical sensitivity, influence of renal metabolism, and inadequate supply of urine samples. [25] (3) Bone marrow analysis: The occurrence and advancement of hematological tumors are followed by changes in the surrounding tissue microenvironment, [26,27] including both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, along with non-cellular constituents. [28] Bone marrow examination revealed the presence of proliferating myeloma cells.…”

“…(3) Bone marrow analysis: The occurrence and advancement of hematological tumors are followed by changes in the surrounding tissue microenvironment, [ 26 , 27 ] including both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, along with non-cellular constituents. [ 28 ] Bone marrow examination revealed the presence of proliferating myeloma cells.…”