Bone mass and bone turnover in power athletes, endurance athletes, and controls: A 12-month longitudinal study

Bennell, Kim L; Malcolm, S. A.; Khan, Karim M.; Thomas, Samantha; Reid, Sally J.; Brukner, Peter; Ebeling, Peter R.; Wark, John D.

doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(97)00026-4

Cited by 202 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, no associations between bone markers and vBMAD spine and vBMAD neck in patients and controls were shown in our study, as also previously reported in healthy children and adolescents (20). Generally, bone markers are known to be related to changes in bone remodeling and in bone mass in elderly postmenopausal women (23,25) but not in young premenopausal women (28). Studies of the association between markers of bone turnover and subsequent bone gain in healthy girls have shown conflicting results (15,17,22,29).…”

Section: Rett Syndrome and Low Bone Turnovercontrasting

confidence: 54%

Low bone turnover phenotype in Rett syndrome: results of biochemical bone marker analysis

et al. 2013

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Background:Patients with Rett syndrome (RTT) are at risk of having low bone mass and low-energy fractures. Methods: We characterized bone metabolism by both bone formation and resorption markers in blood in a RTT population of 61 girls and women and 122 well-matched healthy controls. Levels of N-terminal propeptides of collagen type 1 (P1NP), C-terminal telopeptide cross links (CTX), osteocalcin (OC), and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) were compared between RTT patients and controls in regression models adjusted for BMI, vitamin D status, volumetric bone mineral apparent density of the lumbar spine (vBMAD spine ), and femoral neck (vBMAD neck ). We examined biochemical bone marker levels overall and stratified to persons younger than age 25 y or equal to or older than age 25 y. results: The RTT patients had reduced levels of all biochemical bone markers (P < 0.05), which remained significant in persons younger than 25 y (P ≤ 0.001) regarding P1NP, CTX, and OC. Bone marker levels were not significantly associated to methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) mutation group, walking ability, or previous low-energy fractures. conclusion: Our findings of a low bone turnover state in girls with RTT suggest critical attention to medical treatment of low bone mass in young RTT patients.

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Section: Rett Syndrome and Low Bone Turnovercontrasting

confidence: 54%

Low bone turnover phenotype in Rett syndrome: results of biochemical bone marker analysis

et al. 2013

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“…The loads to which athletes are exposed in a variable-impact compared with an endurance running sport have been documented to be more favorable to bone. (27,28) This is due to differences in the loading intensity and strain rate between the sport types. Variable-impact-loading sports (such as ball or power sports) exert more dynamic (multiplanar), higher-intensity loads, which provide greater stimuli for mineralization than activities occurring in one plane and of a consistent intensity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional evidence of suppressed bone mineral accrual among female adolescent runners

Barrack

Rauh

Nichols

2010

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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We aimed to evaluate patterns of bone mineral accrual among a cross-sectional sample of female adolescent runners and girls participating in a nonendurance running sport. One-hundred and eighty-three interscholastic competitive female athletes (age 16.0 AE 0.1 years), 93 endurance runners and 90 nonrunners, completed a menstrual and sports history questionnaire, had their height and weight measured, and underwent a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan for the measurements of body composition and bone mass. For the majority of analyses, the girls were separated into four groups according to their age (13 to 14 years, 15 years, 16 years, and 17 to 18 years). Runners' height, weight, body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, lean tissue mass, number of menstrual cycles in the past year, and months of participation in a non-lean-build/variable-impact-loading sport were significantly lower than mean values for nonrunners. Although bone mass rose at all sites in the nonrunners between the ages of 13 to 14 years and 17 to 18 years, no such increase was noted in the runners. Runners compared with nonrunners exhibited significantly lower body weight and height-adjusted total body and lumbar spine bone mineral content (BMC) values and lower bone mineral density (BMD) Z-score values among the older (16 years and/or 17 to 18 years) but not younger (13 to 14 years and/or 15 years) age groups. These findings suggest that the runners, in contrast to the nonrunners, exhibited a suppressed bone mineral accrual pattern, which supports the notion that female adolescent endurance runners may be at risk for inadequate bone mass gains and thus a low peak BMD. ß

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“…In human studies, we know that high-impact activities (e.g., gymnastics, jumping) produce a much higher gain in BMD [125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132] than lower-impact activities (e.g., swimming, cycling, walking) [133][134][135]. Weight training with high loads and low repetitions also results in more gain in BMD than training programs with low loads and high repetitions [136].…”

Section: Exercise To Improve and Maintain Bone Health Poststrokementioning

confidence: 99%

Balance, falls, and bone health: Role of exercise in reducing fracture risk after stroke

Eng

Pang

Ashe

2008

JRRD

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Abstract-Fractures occur frequently in people living with stroke and have high personal, social, and economic costs for these individuals, their families, and the community. Exercise to reduce the risk of fragility fractures is a relatively new application in stroke rehabilitation but is a promising treatment with the potential to reduce the incidence of falls as well as maintain or improve bone health. In this article, we outline fracture risk factors and provide an overview of exercise interventions aimed at reducing fracture risk poststroke. Although randomized controlled trials support the use of exercise to reduce fracture risk factors poststroke, the body of literature is small and further studies are required. Further, the optimal dose of exercise and the additive effects of pharmacology on fracture risk need to be determined. Given the many health benefits associated with exercise, it should be considered an important modality for the management of falls and maintenance of bone health following stroke.

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Bone mass and bone turnover in power athletes, endurance athletes, and controls: A 12-month longitudinal study

Cited by 202 publications

References 45 publications

Low bone turnover phenotype in Rett syndrome: results of biochemical bone marker analysis

Low bone turnover phenotype in Rett syndrome: results of biochemical bone marker analysis

Cross-sectional evidence of suppressed bone mineral accrual among female adolescent runners

Balance, falls, and bone health: Role of exercise in reducing fracture risk after stroke

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