Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells loaded into hydrogel/nanofiber composite scaffolds ameliorate ischemic brain injury

Injectable hydrogels in central nervous system: Unique and novel platforms for promoting extracellular matrix remodeling and tissue engineering

“…20 ​g, 20 ​cm height, target functional area (1 ​mm adjacent to the left side of anterior fontanelle, 2 ​mm diameter was drilled) SHED-Exo (100 ​μg Exo into100 μL hydrogel) Into the lesion None None 1 None None None After 3 weeks: Enhanced neuro-regeneration by restoring motor functions After 2 days: Reduced the formation of intracellular ROS Li-2022 [ 192 ] Hydrogel composition, preparation Animal profile In vivo model Loaded With Injection profile Results Year [ref] Type Age Weight Anesthetic Type Other details Site Volume Needle grade Repetition Time Concentration pH Chitosan- DF-PEG hydrogel/GelMA-PCL nanofiber, Schiff base reaction Rats/Sprague Dawley 7–8 weeks 300–320 ​g 4.1% pentobarbital sodium (40 ​mg/kg) Ischemic brain injury, MCAO, via the thread-embolus method of intraluminal vascular occlusion Thread (18 ​mm–22 mm length), blocked the origin of the right MCA. Reperfusion (after 1 ​h of occlusion) BMSCs (5 ​× ​10 5 ​cells/10 ​μL) Into the perilesional site 10 ​ml 26 s-gauge, Hamilton, for 10 ​min 1 24 h after MCAO 1% DF-PEG4000 with 3% GC (1:3), and 5 ​mg/ml nanofibers loaded in the hydrogel None After 2 weeks: Significant neurogenesis and angiogenesis The reduction of ischemic brain damage, infarct volume, microglial and astrocyte overactivation, and neurological deficits Pei-2023 [ 193 ] Ncad-mRADA, Self-assembled …”

“…A study indicated a novel composite scaffold containing a self-healing Schiff base injectable hydrogel and GelMA/Polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers loaded with BMSCs (hydrogel/nanofiber/BMSCs) significantly increased neurogenesis and angiogenesis and reduced ischemic brain damage, infarct volume, microglial and astrocyte overactivation, and neurological deficits. PCL was the shell polymer, and GelMA was the core polymer of the nanofibers [ 193 ].…”

Self-healing hydrogel as an injectable implant: translation in brain diseases

“…Self-healing hydrogel as a promising implant material has been shown to improve ischemic stroke when serving as a stem cell carrier. Pei et al [ 118 ] investigated the efficacy of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-loaded GC-DFPEG self-healing hydrogel composited with nanofibers through a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model for the treatment of ischemic stroke. After implantation for 14 days, a substantial decrease in the area of cerebral ischemia among rats receiving the BMSC-loaded self-healing hydrogel was visualized under the 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining (Fig.…”

“…The effects of BMSCs and BMSC-loaded self-healing hydrogel (“BMSCs + scaffolds” in figure) were assessed by TTC staining. Reprinted with permission from [ 118 ]. Copyright © 2023 Pei et al First published by Elsevier Ltd. B Efficacy of the CH hydrogel in alleviating the brain atrophy and neurological deficits in the ICH rat model.…”

Emerging Technology of Nanofiber‐Composite Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

“…For instance, Pei et al developed an in situ forming hydrogel system by inducing Schiff base formation between gelatin-PCL co-axial nanofibers and aldehydefunctionalized PEG. [128] This hydrogel containing MSCs was injected into an in vivo brain ischemic model and demonstrated the recovery of neural functions.…”