Bone Marrow Lactic Dehydrogenase in Hematologic and Neoplastic Disease

Abstract

Determinations of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), LDH isoenzymes (by heat fractionation) and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD, the equivalent of LDH5) were performed on the bone marrow blood of patients with various hematological and neoplastic disorders. In the majority of patients, bone marrow LDH activity was higher than corresponding serum LDH activity. Marrow LDH was higher than control values only in those disorders where serum LDH was elevated ; (megaloblastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia and carcinoma of the lung). Bone marrow LDH was lower than control values in anemia associated with various chronic diseases and in several primary hematological disorders (pancytopenia, myeloma, Hodgkin’s disease and blood loss anemia). Serum LDH in these same disorders was not abnormal. Although mean marrow LDH activity for each of these groups was lower than normal, there was overlapping of individual values between groups. Some distinct isoenzymes patterns were noted: LDH5 in megaloblastic anemia; LDH2, 3, 4 in leukemia; LDH1 in lung cancer, but there were no isoenzyme patterns that were unique for one disorder. The etiology of marrow LDH elevations in lung cancer is not clear. Further investigations will be required to determine if marrow LDH determinations are useful in detecting marrow métastasés. At present, determinations of marrow LDH, HBD and LDH isoenzymes appear to be of limited clinical value.

Development and validation of AI models using LR and LightGBM for predicting distant metastasis in breast cancer: a dual-center study

“…However, further research is needed to explore why CK-MB elevation occurs in breast cancer with distant metastasis and whether elevated CK-MB originates from tumors or other sources. α-HBDH, as an LDH isoenzyme, is significantly elevated in the serum of some malignant tumor patients and is associated with the prognosis of malignant tumors ( 25 – 27 ). The combined application of α-HBDH, CEA, and CA125 in the early diagnosis of breast cancer has been found to be valuable ( 28 ).…”

Leukaemic peripheral blood plasma and bone marrow plasma: comparison of influence on lymphocyte proliferation

“…Plasma and serum from blood sources other than the peripheral blood have not been examined for their effect on lymphocyte reactivity. The effect of bone marrow plasma on lymphocyte reactivity was examined in this study because bone marrow-derived serum has been shown to differ from peripheral blood serum obtained from the same donor with respect to levels of enzymes (Elliot & Fleming 1965, Spector et al 1966, Chua et al 1970, Hoch-Ligeti & Jarsen 1976, cell growth activators (Burger & Knyszynski 1969, Knyszynski & Burger 1971 and inhibitors (Zoumbos et al 1985, Lindemann et al 1989 in patients with other haematological and neoplastic diseases including myeloid leukaemia, and because of its localized influence on cells present in the bone marrow environment. Plasma was selected for this study rather than serum because platelets are the source of a potent mitogen present in serum but not in plasma (Gospodarowicz & I11 1980, Antoniades 1981.…”

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“…However, further research is needed to explore why CK-MB elevation occurs in breast cancer with distant metastasis and whether elevated CK-MB originates from tumors or other sources. a-HBDH, as an LDH isoenzyme, is significantly elevated in the serum of some malignant tumor patients and is associated with the prognosis of malignant tumors (25)(26)(27). The combined application of a-HBDH, CEA, and CA125 in the early diagnosis of breast cancer has been found to be valuable (28).…”