Bone Marrow-Derived Cells and Wound Age Estimation

Ishida, Yuko; Nosaka, Mizuho; Kondo, Toshikazu

doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.822572

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(154 reference statements)

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“…However, in certain situations, such as when the force is weak or the vital reaction is uncertain, it may be necessary to confirm the presence of the compression mark using a staining method during the histological examination of the neck skin. Immunohistochemical analyses may provide reliable information for the estimation of vitality using compression marks ( 2 , 3 , 15 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In forensic practices, differentiating antemortem injury from postmortem damage is one of the important issues, which is a classical but still modern topic ( 1 – 3 ). Thus, there are numerous forensic studies exploring available markers for the determination of wound vitality using biochemical, histochemical, immunohistochemical and molecular biological techniques ( 4 – 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forensic Application of Epidermal Ubiquitin Expression to Determination of Wound Vitality in Human Compressed Neck Skin

et al. 2022

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Ubiquitin is a member of the heat shock protein family and is rapidly induced by various types of stimuli, including ischemic and mechanical stress. However, its significance in determining wound vitality of neck compression skin in forensic pathology remains unclear. We immunohistochemically examined the expression of ubiquitin in the neck skin samples to understand its forensic applicability in determining wound vitality. Skin samples were obtained from 53 cases of neck compression (hanging, 42 cases; strangulation, 11 cases) during forensic autopsies. Intact skin from the same individual was used as the control. Ubiquitin expression was detected in 73.9% of keratinocytes in intact skin samples, but only in 21.2% of keratinocytes in the compression regions, with statistical differences between the control and compression groups. This depletion in the case of neck compression may be caused by the impaired conversion of conjugated to free ubiquitin and failure of de novo ubiquitin synthesis. From a forensic pathological perspective, immunohistochemical examination of ubiquitin expression in the skin of the neck can be regarded as a valuable marker for diagnosing traces of antemortem compression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Application of Epidermal Ubiquitin Expression to Determination of Wound Vitality in Human Compressed Neck Skin

et al. 2022

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“…In the literature, several studies investigated the potential use of several markers in wound vitality demonstration [171][172][173][174][175][176][177]. However, a standardized method is not available yet, and these data could not be reliably used in forensic practice [178].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-Art on Wound Vitality Evaluation: A Systematic Review

Maiese

Manetti

Iacoponi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The vitality demonstration refers to determining if an injury has been caused ante- or post-mortem, while wound age means to evaluate how long a subject has survived after the infliction of an injury. Histology alone is not enough to prove the vitality of a lesion. Recently, immunohistochemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology have been introduced in the field of lesions vitality and age demonstration. The study was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review (PRISMA) protocol. The search terms were “wound”, “lesion”, “vitality”, “evaluation”, “immunohistochemistry”, “proteins”, “electrolytes”, “mRNAs”, and “miRNAs” in the title, abstract, and keywords. This evaluation left 137 scientific papers. This review aimed to collect all the knowledge on vital wound demonstration and provide a temporal distribution of the methods currently available, in order to determine the age of lesions, thus helping forensic pathologists in finding a way through the tangled jungle of wound vitality evaluation.

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“…Previous studies argued that mRNA molecules, which serve as direct or indirect templates for other molecular markers, are expressed regularly with wound age [9]. Encouraging results have also been recently obtained in multi-mRNA-based wound age estimation [10][11][12]. Also, since expression changes at the mRNA level are relatively earlier than at the protein level, it demonstrates excellent value in early wound age inference [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Novel Prediction Method Applied to Wound Age Estimation: Developing a Stacking Ensemble Model to Improve Predictive Performance Based on Multi-mRNA

Dang

Bai

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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(1) Background: Accurate diagnosis of wound age is crucial for investigating violent cases in forensic practice. However, effective biomarkers and forecast methods are lacking. (2) Methods: Samples were collected from rats divided randomly into control and contusion groups at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h post-injury. The characteristics of concern were nine mRNA expression levels. Internal validation data were used to train different machine learning algorithms, namely random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), multilayer perceptron (MLP), gradient boosting (GB), and stochastic gradient descent (SGD), to predict wound age. These models were considered the base learners, which were then applied to developing 26 stacking ensemble models combining two, three, four, or five base learners. The best-performing stacking model and base learner were evaluated through external validation data. (3) Results: The best results were obtained using a stacking model of RF + SVM + MLP (accuracy = 92.85%, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) = 0.93, root-mean-square-error (RMSE) = 1.06 h). The wound age prediction performance of the stacking models was also confirmed for another independent dataset. (4) Conclusions: We illustrate that machine learning techniques, especially ensemble algorithms, have a high potential to be used to predict wound age. According to the results, the strategy can be applied to other types of forensic forecasts.

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Bone Marrow-Derived Cells and Wound Age Estimation

Cited by 6 publications

References 164 publications

Forensic Application of Epidermal Ubiquitin Expression to Determination of Wound Vitality in Human Compressed Neck Skin

Forensic Application of Epidermal Ubiquitin Expression to Determination of Wound Vitality in Human Compressed Neck Skin

State-of-the-Art on Wound Vitality Evaluation: A Systematic Review

Novel Prediction Method Applied to Wound Age Estimation: Developing a Stacking Ensemble Model to Improve Predictive Performance Based on Multi-mRNA

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