Bone marrow adipose tissue composition and glycemic improvements after gastric bypass surgery

Kim, Tiffany Y.; Schwartz, Ann V.; Li, Xiaojuan; Xu, Kenong; Kazakia, Galateia J.; Grünfeld, Carl; Nissenson, Robert A.; Shoback, Dolores; Schafer, Anne L.

doi:10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101596

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Studies including only females found no differences in marrow adiposity between T2D patients and controls. ( 13‐15 ) Those including men or mixed‐sex cohorts reported increased adiposity in T2D. ( 11,12 ) In our sex‐stratified analyses, we found no differences in BMAT biomarkers between female T2D patients and female controls, consistent with prior findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…(12) In contrast, three studies of women found no significant differences in spine marrow adiposity between participants with diabetes and those without. (13)(14)(15) In the single publication reporting marrow adiposity at peripheral sites in T2D, Kim et al reported slightly lower marrow adiposity at the tibia in women with T2D compared to controls. (15) Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive, in vivo technique that is widely used to quantify marrow adiposity and can additionally be used to assess the composition of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT), including levels of lipid saturation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(13)(14)(15) In the single publication reporting marrow adiposity at peripheral sites in T2D, Kim et al reported slightly lower marrow adiposity at the tibia in women with T2D compared to controls. (15) Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive, in vivo technique that is widely used to quantify marrow adiposity and can additionally be used to assess the composition of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT), including levels of lipid saturation. (16) Saturated and unsaturated marrow lipid levels have distinct relationships with bone density and fracture outcomes (16) and therefore are important to measure, in addition to total marrow adiposity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 12 ) In contrast, three studies of women found no significant differences in spine marrow adiposity between participants with diabetes and those without. ( 13‐15 ) In the single publication reporting marrow adiposity at peripheral sites in T2D, Kim et al reported slightly lower marrow adiposity at the tibia in women with T2D compared to controls. ( 15 )…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 13‐15 ) In the single publication reporting marrow adiposity at peripheral sites in T2D, Kim et al reported slightly lower marrow adiposity at the tibia in women with T2D compared to controls. ( 15 )…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bone Marrow Adiposity Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes Are Sex-Specific and Associated with Serum Lipid Levels

Wu,

Joseph,

Saeed

et al. 2023

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has negative effects on skeletal health. A proposed mechanism of diabetic bone disease connects hyperlipidemia to increased bone marrow adiposity and decreased bone quality. Previous research on Type 1 diabetes reported positive associations between serum lipid levels and marrow adiposity, but no data exist for T2D. In addition, marrow adiposity is sex‐dependent in healthy populations, but sex has not been addressed adequately in previous reports of marrow adiposity in T2D. The purpose of this study was to quantify associations of marrow adiposity and composition with T2D status, serum lipid levels, and sex. T2D patients and normoglycemic controls (n = 39/37) were included. Single‐voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was performed at the spine and tibia. Quantitative MRS outcomes of marrow adiposity and composition were calculated. Linear regression models were used to compare MRS outcomes among groups and to evaluate associations of MRS outcomes with serum lipid levels. All analyses were performed on sex‐stratified subgroups. Total, unsaturated, and saturated fat content at the spine were lower in T2D participants compared to controls in age‐adjusted models; these differences were significant in men but not in women. In our study cohort, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) were lower in T2D participants compared to controls. Adjustment for LDL, HDL, and statin use attenuated the association of T2D status with unsaturated fat but not saturated fat in men. Further analysis confirmed significant associations between serum lipid levels and MRS outcomes. Specifically, we found a positive association between LDL cholesterol and total marrow fat in the male T2D group and a negative association between HDL and total marrow fat in the female T2D group. In conclusion, our results suggest that marrow adiposity and composition are associated with lipid levels as well as T2D status, and these relationships are sex‐specific. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Bone Marrow Adiposity Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes Are Sex-Specific and Associated with Serum Lipid Levels

Wu,

Joseph,

Saeed

et al. 2023

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Function and Regulation of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease: State of the Field and Clinical Considerations

Zhang,

Tian,

Majumdar

et al. 2024

Comprehensive Physiology

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Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is a metabolically and clinically relevant fat depot that exists within bone. Two subtypes of BMAT, regulated and constitutive, reside in hematopoietic‐rich red marrow and fatty yellow marrow, respectively, and exhibit distinct characteristics compared to peripheral fat such as white and brown adipose tissues. Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) are evolutionally preserved in most vertebrates, start development after birth and expand throughout life, and originate from unique progenitor populations that control bone formation and hematopoiesis. Mature BMAds also interact closely with other cellular components of the bone marrow niche, serving as a nearby energy reservoir to support the skeletal system, a signaling hub that contributes to both local and systemic homeostasis, and a final fuel reserve for survival during starvation. Though BMAT and bone are often inversely correlated, more BMAT does not always mean less bone, and the prevention of BMAT expansion as a strategy to prevent bone loss remains questionable. BMAT adipogenesis and lipid metabolism are regulated by the nervous systems and a variety of circulating hormones. This contributes to the plasticity of BMAT, including BMAT expansion in common physiological or pathological conditions, and BMAT catabolism under certain extreme circumstances, which are often associated with malnutrition and/or systemic inflammation. Altogether, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the local and systemic functions of BMAT and discusses the regulation and plasticity of this unique adipose tissue depot in health and disease. © 2024 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 14:5521‐5579, 2024.

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Pathology of Diabetes-Induced Immune Dysfunction

Alexander,

Cho,

Gliozheni

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Diabetes is associated with numerous comorbidities, one of which is increased vulnerability to infections. This review will focus on how diabetes mellitus (DM) affects the immune system and its various components, leading to the impaired proliferation of immune cells and the induction of senescence. We will explore how the pathology of diabetes-induced immune dysfunction may have similarities to the pathways of “inflammaging”, a persistent low-grade inflammation common in the elderly. Inflammaging may increase the likelihood of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis at a younger age. Diabetes affects bone marrow composition and cellular senescence, and in combination with advanced age also affects lymphopoiesis by increasing myeloid differentiation and reducing lymphoid differentiation. Consequently, this leads to a reduced immune system response in both the innate and adaptive phases, resulting in higher infection rates, reduced vaccine response, and increased immune cells’ senescence in diabetics. We will also explore how some diabetes drugs induce immune senescence despite their benefits on glycemic control.

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Bone marrow adipose tissue composition and glycemic improvements after gastric bypass surgery

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Bone Marrow Adiposity Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes Are Sex-Specific and Associated with Serum Lipid Levels

Bone Marrow Adiposity Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes Are Sex-Specific and Associated with Serum Lipid Levels

Function and Regulation of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease: State of the Field and Clinical Considerations

Pathology of Diabetes-Induced Immune Dysfunction

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