Bone Level Variation After Vertical Ridge Augmentation: Resorbable Barriers Versus Titanium-Reinforced Barriers. A 6-Year Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Interventions for Dental Implant Placement in Atrophic Edentulous Mandibles: Vertical Bone Augmentation and Alternative Treatments. A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

“…The fourteen studies selected comprised 276 patients, of whom 18 could not be analyzed due to dropout within the follow‐up period (weighted mean dropout rate: 2.9%) (Table 3). 3,11‐13,19,20,24‐30,34 …”

“…Although 10 of the trials included aimed to determine the most effective vertical bone augmentation techniques, a meta‐analysis could not be performed since there were insufficient trials comparing the same interventions 3,11‐13,19,20,28‐30,34 …”

“…Vertical augmentation techniques evaluated showed some failures 3,11,20,24,26‐30,34 and were associated with high complication rates, ranging from 8% 13 to 90% 26 . Furthermore, it has to be taken into account that since most grafting procedures were performed by experienced clinicians, caution is recommended when extrapolating results to other clinical scenarios such as general practice.…”

“…Vertical bone augmentation techniques using guided bone regeneration (GBR), 7–14 alveolar distraction osteogenesis, 3,15‐21 interpositional block grafts, 19,22‐30 or onlay bone grafting 20,29,31‐35 have shown favorable outcomes, both clinically and histologically 4 . However, these procedures cannot be considered the standard of care due to the high rate of postoperative complications.…”

Strategies for alveolar ridge reconstruction and preservation for implant therapy

“…In the GBR method, barrier membrane with or without titanium reinforcement composed of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) is used [58]. However, biodegradable membranes composed of dura mater, poly-Llactic acid, and polyglycolic and collagen have been introduced to avoid second surgery for membrane removal [59,60]. A systematic review on the effectiveness of barrier membranes on bone regeneration [61] showed that the use of such membranes would increase the amount of vertical augmented bone (mean difference, 0.32 mm; P = 0.006).…”