Bone Lesions

El‐Mofty, Samir K.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-2589-4.00009-7

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 414 publications

(868 reference statements)

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“…Brown tumors of hyperparathyroidism are lesions that result from abnormal bone metabolism in primary, secondary, or tertiary hyperparathyroidism 4,5 . The lesions might affect single or multiple bones, such as the ribs, clavicles, pelvic girdle, and occasionally the jaws, particularly the posterior regions of the mandible 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These tumors are characterized microscopically by the proliferation of ovoid to spindle‐shaped mononuclear cells intermingled with osteoclast‐type multinucleated cells, in a vascular stroma with hemorrhage and hemosiderin deposits. Its diagnosis requires clinical correlation in relation to parathyroid hormone concentrations since its microscopic features may resemble other giant cell lesions, such as central and peripheral giant cell lesions of the jaws (giant cell granulomas) and non‐ossifying fibromas of long bones 4,7 . Based on such microscopic overlapping, it is plausible to speculate that such lesions might share genetic similarities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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KRAS mutations in brown tumor of the jaws in hyperparathyroidism

Guimarães

Gomes

Pereira

et al. 2020

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Background Brown tumors are giant cell‐rich lesions that result from abnormal bone metabolism in hyperparathyroidism, one of the most common endocrine disorders worldwide. Brown tumors occasionally affect the jaws and, despite well‐known clinical and microscopic features, their molecular pathogenesis remains unclear. We investigated the presence of pathogenic activating mutations in TRPV4, FGFR1, and KRAS in a cohort of brown tumors since these have recently been reported in giant‐cell lesions of the jaws and non‐ossifying fibromas of the bones (FGFR1 and KRAS), which are histologic mimics of brown tumors. Methods We target sequenced 13 brown tumors of the jaws associated with primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism. As mutations in these genes are known to activate the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, we also assessed the immunostaining of the phosphorylated form of ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) in these lesions. Results KRAS pathogenic mutations were detected in seven cases (p.G12V n = 4, p.G12D n = 1, p.G13D n = 1, p.A146T n = 1). KRAS variants of unknown significance (VUS), p.A134T and p.E37K, were also detected. All samples showed wild‐type sequences for FGFR1 and TRPV4 genes. The activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway was demonstrated by pERK1/2 immunohistochemical positivity of the brown tumors´ mononuclear cells. Conclusion Mutations in KRAS and activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway were detected in brown tumors of hyperparathyroidism of the jaws, expanding the spectrum of giant cell lesions whose molecular pathogenesis involve RAS signaling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KRAS mutations in brown tumor of the jaws in hyperparathyroidism

Guimarães

Gomes

Pereira

et al. 2020

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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“…It is often “aggressive” in appearance due to expansion into the surrounding soft tissue. The sometimes aggressive‐appearing radiologic appearance makes an osteoblastoma difficult to distinguish from an osteosarcoma based on radiology alone . Grossly, osteoblastomas are often within cortex or cancellous bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grossly, osteoblastomas are often within cortex or cancellous bone. The lesion is red or purple due to its hemorrhagic nature, granular in appearance, and has cystic components …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histology alone cannot distinguish osteoblastoma from osteoid osteoma. However, it can distinguish osteoblastoma from osteosarcoma as osteoblastoma will typically have the following characteristics: lack of nuclear atypia, mineralization of osteoid with a single rim of plump osteoblasts, low mitotic activity, round to oval regular nuclei, and a sharp, noninfiltrative margin . The most mature portion of an osteoblastoma will be at the periphery, with a sharp interface between normal bone and tumor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osteoblastoma of the thyroid cartilage treated with voice preserving laryngeal framework resection

et al. 2013

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Osteoblastoma is a slow-growing, locally destructive benign bone neoplasm, rarely occurring in the laryngeal cartilage. We present the case of a professional voice user diagnosed with laryngeal osteoblastoma after microdirect laryngoscopy and endoscopic biopsy. Her treatment required a unique operation, with elements of partial laryngectomy and maintenance of vital endolaryngeal soft tissues, in order to optimize vocal outcome.

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A palaeoepidemiological investigation of osteomata, with reference to medieval Poland

Siek

Rando

Cieślik

et al. 2020

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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The osteoma, among other forms of benign neoplastic disease, has received little palaeopathological or palaeoepidemiological interest largely because of its asymptomatic nature. This is problematic because these tumours are regarded as common occurrences in bioarchaeological contexts, despite there being scant data to support these claims. This investigation presents a palaeoepidemiological enquiry into osteomata. Five hundred ninety individuals from six skeletal assemblages from Poland, dating from the 9th to 17th century, were macroscopically surveyed for osteomata. This was followed by a palaeoepidemiological analysis, looking at sex‐ and age‐specific prevalence. Ninety‐three osteomata were observed in 67 individuals. The sex‐specific prevalence was 13.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.7–18.1) for males and 11.6% (95% CI 7.9–16.2) for females. The age‐specific prevalence for middle adults was 2.1% (95% CI: 0.6–5.2) and 5.3% (95% CI: 2.5–9.8) for mature adults. The results indicated the prevalence of benign tumours was similar between males and females and seemed to increase with age. This case study adds to a sparse area of palaeo‐oncological research and calls for further future investigation.

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Bone Lesions

Cited by 23 publications

References 414 publications

KRAS mutations in brown tumor of the jaws in hyperparathyroidism

KRAS mutations in brown tumor of the jaws in hyperparathyroidism

Osteoblastoma of the thyroid cartilage treated with voice preserving laryngeal framework resection

A palaeoepidemiological investigation of osteomata, with reference to medieval Poland

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