Bone health in pediatric patients with neurological disorders

Ko, Ara; Kong, Jai-Yul; Samadov, Furkat; Mukhamedov, Akmal; Kim, Young Mi; Lee, Yun-Jin; Nam, Sang Ook

doi:10.6065/apem.2020.25.1.15

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(150 reference statements)

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“…The bone mineral density in the proximal femur was reported to be considerably diminished even when gait was minimally affected; then it progressively decreased to nearly 4 standard deviations below the age-matched normal [ 7 ]. Calcium and vitamin D or alendronate administration are investigational treatments to improve bone mineral density, and eventually to reduce the fracture risk [ 9 – 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible intramedullary nailing for supracondylar femoral fractures in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible intramedullary nailing for supracondylar femoral fractures in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

et al. 2020

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“…A high incidence of renal calculi with hypercalciuria have been reported in patients on KD, suggesting a major effect of the KD on calcium metabolism [ 129 , 130 ]. KD-related calcium and bone mass deficiency were originally reported in five children maintained chronically on combined KD-anticonvulsant drug therapy [ 131 ].…”

Section: How Could Kds and Kbs Affect Bone Metabolism?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Metabolism and Ketogenic Diets: What about the Skeletal Health? A Narrative Review and a Prospective Vision for Planning Clinical Trials on this Issue

Merlotti

Cosso

Eller-Vainicher

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The existence of a common mesenchymal cell progenitor shared by bone, skeletal muscle, and adipocytes cell progenitors, makes the role of the skeleton in energy metabolism no longer surprising. Thus, bone fragility could also be seen as a consequence of a “poor” quality in nutrition. Ketogenic diet was originally proven to be effective in epilepsy, and long-term follow-up studies on epileptic children undergoing a ketogenic diet reported an increased incidence of bone fractures and decreased bone mineral density. However, the causes of such negative impacts on bone health have to be better defined. In these subjects, the concomitant use of antiepileptic drugs and the reduced mobilization may partly explain the negative effects on bone health, but little is known about the effects of diet itself, and/or generic alterations in vitamin D and/or impaired growth factor production. Despite these remarks, clinical studies were adequately designed to investigate bone health are scarce and bone health related aspects are not included among the various metabolic pathologies positively influenced by ketogenic diets. Here, we provide not only a narrative review on this issue, but also practical advice to design and implement clinical studies on ketogenic nutritional regimens and bone health outcomes. Perspectives on ketogenic regimens, microbiota, microRNAs, and bone health are also included.

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“…Teriparatide has also been used with success in DMD, showing improvements in BMD and quality of life with few, if any, side effects (Catalano et al, 2016;Nasomyont et al, 2020). It is clear that routine imaging, particularly of the spine, clinical monitoring, consideration of skeletal delay, possible vitamin D supplementation and/or teriparatide treatment are needed when evaluating bone health and BMD Z-scores in patients with DMD (Ko et al, 2020).…”

Section: Neuromuscular Dystrophymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Neurological Disorders on Bone Health

2020

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Neurological diseases, particularly in the context of aging, have serious impacts on quality of life and can negatively affect bone health. The brain-bone axis is critically important for skeletal metabolism, sensory innervation, and endocrine cross-talk between these organs. This review discusses current evidence for the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which various neurological disease categories, including autoimmune, developmental, dementia-related, movement, neuromuscular, stroke, trauma, and psychological, impart changes in bone homeostasis and mass, as well as fracture risk. Likewise, how bone may affect neurological function is discussed. Gaining a better understanding of brain-bone interactions, particularly in patients with underlying neurological disorders, may lead to development of novel therapies and discovery of shared risk factors, as well as highlight the need for broad, whole-health clinical approaches toward treatment.

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Bone health in pediatric patients with neurological disorders

Cited by 23 publications

References 99 publications

Flexible intramedullary nailing for supracondylar femoral fractures in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Flexible intramedullary nailing for supracondylar femoral fractures in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Energy Metabolism and Ketogenic Diets: What about the Skeletal Health? A Narrative Review and a Prospective Vision for Planning Clinical Trials on this Issue

Effects of Neurological Disorders on Bone Health

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