Bone formation in skin and muscle: A localized tissue malformation or heterotopia

Edmonds, Henry W.; Coe, Herbert E.; Tabrah, Frank L.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(48)80276-3

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Ectopic bone formation is most often experimentally induced, but does also have clinical relevance. For example, ectopic bone has long been described as a congenital or inherited malformation [1][2][3][4], or a complication of various conditions such as paraplegia [5,6], posthip arthroplasty [7,8], postburn, or traumatic injury [9][10][11]. Such pathologic formation of endochondral bone in soft tissues such as muscle, subcutaneous tissue, and fibrous tissue adjacent to joints is called heterotopic ossification (HO).…”

Section: What Is Ectopic Bone Formation?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Review of Models of Ectopic Bone Formation

Scott

Levi

Askarinam

et al. 2012

Stem Cells and Development

174

150

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Ectopic bone formation is a unique biologic entity--distinct from other areas of skeletal biology. Animal research models of ectopic bone formation most often employ rodent models and have unique advantages over orthotopic (bone) environments, including a relative lack of bone cytokine stimulation and cell-to-cell interaction with endogenous (host) bone-forming cells. This allows for relatively controlled in vivo experimental bone formation. A wide variety of ectopic locations have been used for experimentation, including subcutaneous, intramuscular, and kidney capsule transplantation. The method, benefits and detractions of each method are summarized in the following review. Briefly, subcutaneous implantation is the simplest method. However, the most pertinent concern is the relative paucity of bone formation in comparison to other models. Intramuscular implantation is also widely used and relatively simple, however intramuscular implants are exposed to skeletal muscle satellite progenitor cells. Thus, distinguishing host from donor osteogenesis becomes challenging without cell-tracking studies. The kidney capsule (perirenal or renal capsule) method is less widely used and more technically challenging. It allows for supraphysiologic blood and nutrient resource, promoting robust bone growth. In summary, ectopic bone models are extremely useful in the evaluation of bone-forming stem cells, new osteoinductive biomaterials, and growth factors; an appropriate choice of model, however, will greatly increase experimental success.

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Section: What Is Ectopic Bone Formation?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Review of Models of Ectopic Bone Formation

Scott

Levi

Askarinam

et al. 2012

Stem Cells and Development

174

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, we were able to find only five case reports in the English language medical literature of the 20th century (38–42) . Among these few case reports, the following diagnoses had been made: disseminated congenital osteomas, (38) localized tissue malformation or heterotopia, (39) dysplastic cutaneous osteomatosis, (42) limited dermal ossification, (40) and familial ectopic ossification (41) . In addition, there were several incomplete or ambiguous reports and many that implicated secondary causes of ossification.…”

Section: How Was Poh Discovered?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary dermal ossification is rarely seen in childhood, (33–37) and primary dermal ossification during childhood with progressive involvement of deep connective tissue is exceedingly rare. In fact, we were able to find only five case reports in the English language medical literature of the 20th century (38–42) . Among these few case reports, the following diagnoses had been made: disseminated congenital osteomas, (38) localized tissue malformation or heterotopia, (39) dysplastic cutaneous osteomatosis, (42) limited dermal ossification, (40) and familial ectopic ossification (41) .…”

Section: How Was Poh Discovered?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive Osseous Heteroplasia

Kaplan

Shore

2000

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

204

147

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Progressive osseous heteroplasia (POH) is a recently described genetic disorder of mesenchymal differentiation characterized by dermal ossification during infancy and progressive heterotopic ossification of cutaneous, subcutaneous, and deep connective tissues during childhood. The disorder can be distinguished from fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) by the presence of cutaneous ossification, the absence of congenital malformations of the skeleton, the absence of inflammatory tumorlike swellings, the asymmetric mosaic distribution of lesions, the absence of predictable regional patterns of heterotopic ossification, and the predominance of intramembranous rather than endochondral ossification. POH can be distinguished

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Die gutartigen Neubildungen des Integuments

Wodniansky¹

1975

Nicht Entzündliche Dermatosen III/A

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Bone formation in skin and muscle: A localized tissue malformation or heterotopia

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Brief Review of Models of Ectopic Bone Formation

Brief Review of Models of Ectopic Bone Formation

Progressive Osseous Heteroplasia

Die gutartigen Neubildungen des Integuments

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