Bone Disease in Patients With Primary Hypercalciuria and Calcium Nephrolithiasis

Retrospective Review of Serum and Urinary Lithogenic Risk Factors in Patients With Osteoporosis and Osteopenia

“…We observed that patients with lithiasis (group 2) presented higher calcium excretion in 24-hour and fasting urine samples and lower citrate excretion, irrespective of vitamin D and PTHi excretion rates, which is consistent with the results obtained in previous studies. 5,21 On the other hand, patients in group 3 presented more elevated calcium excretion rates in fasting urine and lower urine citrate excretion rates than group 1. However, a lower proportion of patients in group 3 presented hypocitraturia as compared with group 2.…”

Plasma and urinary levels of cytokines in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria

“…However, it is generally considered that IH is caused by an alteration in calcium homeostasis at sites where large amounts of calcium must be precisely controlled [5]. Several studies have shown decreased bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with IH [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. This progressive decrease in bone mineral content suggests that osteoclasts and osteoblasts might play a key role in the chain of events leading to hypercalciuria.…”

Nephrolithiasis, bone mineral density, osteoporosis, and fractures: a systematic review and comparative meta-analysis

“…Since a consistent part of literature [21][22][23] attributes to higher excretion of urinary calcium in patients with kidney stones a higher presence of lower BMD values, we made a meta-regression analysis investigating if differences in 24-h urinary calcium between participants with nephrolithiasis and controls were associated with differences in BMD, independently from heterogeneity.…”