Bone density measurement in interdental areas with simulated placement of orthodontic miniscrew implants

Choi, Jin-Hugh; Park, Chang-Hun; Yi, Seung Woo; Lim, Hoi-Jeong; Hwang, Hyeon-Shik

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.04.019

Cited by 49 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The development of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), used for the evaluation of dentomaxillofacial structures, has allowed for more frequent use of these images in dentistry because it is a less complex device that produces images with satisfactory resolution, with little artifact incidence and lower dose of radiation [4] . Multislice and cone beam CT images are frequently used to determine mineral density of craniofacial bone structures [5][6][7][8][9][10] . Yet, there is no consensus regarding the accuracy of CBCT for this type of analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone mineral density in cone beam computed tomography: Only a few shades of gray

Campos

Souza

Júnior

et al. 2014

WJR

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Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has often been used to determine the quality of craniofacial bone structures through the determination of mineral density, which is based on gray scales of the images obtained. However, there is no consensus regarding the accuracy of the determination of the gray scales in these exams. This study aims to provide a literature review concerning the reliability of CBCT to determine bone mineral density. The gray values obtained with CBCT show a linear relationship with the attenuation coefficients of the materials, Hounsfield Units values obtained with medical computed tomography, and density values from dual energy X-ray absorciometry. However, errors are expected when CBCT images are used to define the quality of the scanned structures because these images show inconsistencies and arbitrariness in the gray values, particularly when related to abrupt change in the density of the object, X-ray beam hardening effect, scattered radiation, projection data discontinuity-related effect, differences between CBCT devices, changes in the volume of the field of view (FOV), and changes in the relationships of size and position between the FOV and the object evaluated. A few methods of mathematical correction of the gray scales in CBCT have been proposed; however, they do not generate consistent values that are independent of the devices and their configurations or of the scanned objects. Thus, CBCT should not be considered the examination of choice for the determination of bone and soft tissue mineral density at the current stage, particularly when values obtained are to be compared to predetermined standard values. Comparisons between symmetrically positioned structures inside the FOV and in relation to the exomass of the object, as it occurs with the right and left sides of the skull, seem to be viable because the effects on the gray scale in the regions of interest are the same.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone mineral density in cone beam computed tomography: Only a few shades of gray

Campos

Souza

Júnior

et al. 2014

WJR

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“…19 Insertion torque has been shown to vary among different designs of mini-implants in varying bone densities. 20 Because bone differs in density in the maxilla and mandible, 21 torque tests were performed on varying cortical bone densities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical stability and clinical applicability assessment of novel orthodontic mini-implant design

Song¹,

Hong

Banh

et al. 2013

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To compare the stability and clinical applicability of a novel orthodontic mini-implant design (N2) with the most widely used commercially available (CA) design. Materials and Methods: Two groups of mini-implants were tested: a CA design (1.5-mm diameter, 6-mm length) and N2 (3-mm diameter, 2-mm length, tapered shape). Implants were inserted in bone blocks of cortical bone simulation with varying densities (20 pounds per cubic foot [pcf], 30 pcf, and 40 pcf). A torque test was used to measure maximum insertion torque (MIT) and maximum removal torque (MRT). Compression and tension force vectors were applied at angles of 10u, 20u, 30u, and 40u using customized load pins to determine primary stability. Results: Mean MIT and MRT were higher in the N2 than the CA design at all three cortical bone densities except MRT in 20 pcf bone (not statistically significant). The mean compression force required to displace the N2 at all distances and angulations was greater for the N2 than the CA design. At all displacement distances, the highest mean tension force required for N2 displacement was at 10u angulation, whereas at 30u and 40u, the mean tension force required to displace the CA design was greater. Conclusions: The primary stability of the N2 is superior to that of the CA design and is promising for both orthodontic and orthopedic clinical applicability, especially under compression force. The short length of the N2 reduces risk of damage to anatomic structures and root proximity during placement and orthodontic treatment. The stability of the N2 may be compromised in areas of high bone density and highly angulated tension force. (Angle Orthod. 2013;83:832-841.)

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“…La clasificación de densidad de tejidos en escala HU es complementada por Misch, quien relacionó las densidades óseas D1, D2, D3 y D4, con las escalas HU [1], comparando las imágenes tomográficas de los tejidos analizados y clasificados en el software con sus valores de grises cuantificados a escala Hounsfield [20]. La relación establecida por Misch, quedó definida de la siguiente forma: El tejido óseo más denso tipo D1, es asociado con escalas superiores a 1250 HU, con respecto valores de HU en escala de grises con alto porcentaje de blanco; por su parte, el hueso Tipo D2 es reconocido con valores entre 850-1250 HU; en contraste con los tejidos más densos, los huesos de menor densidad ósea en las imágenes tomográficas presentan valores de grises con alto porcentaje de negro, el Hueso Tipo D3 se relaciona con valores de HU entre 350-850 y el Hueso Tipo D4 con valores 150-350 HU [25].…”

Section: Tejido óSeounclassified

Aplicación de un método no destructivo para la obtención propiedades físicas de tejido óseo basado técnica imanenológica y herramientas software cad

López

2014

prospect

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Aplicación de un método no destructivo para la obtención propiedades físicas de tejido óseoAplicación de un método no destructivo para la obtención propiedades físicas de tejido óseo basado técnica imanenológica y herramientas software cad RESUMENLos ensayos mecánicos son usados para la caracterización de propiedades mecánicas de tejidos óseos, sin embargo, debido al carácter destructivo del ensayo, las probetas usadas son generalmente de tejidos óseos de cadáver humano o animales. La caracterización resultante de estos ensayos por lo tanto, es válida solo en los especímenes probados, porque el tejido óseo presenta alta variabilidad en sus propiedades debido al cambio de su densidad. Por este argumento y la naturaleza destructiva de los ensayos mecánicos, este tipo de ensayo no es apropiado para realizar la caracterización mecánica de tejidos vivos, lo cual limita las posibilidades de desarrollo en proyectos de investigación en vivo.El presente estudio fue desarrollado con el propósito de evaluar la viabilidad del uso de un método no destructivo, propuesto para calcular los valores de densidad aparente a partir de la densidad radiográfica. El método no destructivo tuvo su fundamento en la implementación de técnicas diagnósticas de imágenes tomográficas de hueso de mandíbula y el posterior reconocimiento de estas imágenes en un software Bio-CAD. A través del software MIMIC´S, se cuantificaron los valores de densidad a escala Hounsfield; los datos obtenidos fueron usados para deducir la curva de calibración lineal, permitiendo de esta forma, calcular el valor de densidad aparente de los especímenes. A partir de esta caracterización y la revisión de literatura, fue posible definir las propiedades mecánicas de la probeta ósea. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos en el presente trabajo de investigación, se estableció una alternativa para la caracterización mecánica de tejidos rígidos como el hueso. De acuerdo a la naturaleza no destructiva del método, el uso de este método podría ser extendido a experimentación con tejidos vivos, la cual estaba restringida, por las limitaciones existentes con el método destructivo basado en ensayos mecánicos.Palabras clave: Tejido Óseo, Tomografía, Escala Hounsfield y Densidad ósea. ABSTRACTMechanical tests are used for characterization of mechanical properties of bone tissue; however, due to the destructive nature of the test, the specimens are generally used human cadaver bone tissues or animals. Furthermore the resultant characterization of these tests is valid only in the specimens tested, because the bone tissue shows high variability in their properties, so, the density change. This argument and the destructive nature of the mechanical tests are reason that this type of test is not appropriated for the mechanical characterization of living tissue, which limits the possibilities of development in live research projects.

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Bone density measurement in interdental areas with simulated placement of orthodontic miniscrew implants

Cited by 49 publications

References 25 publications

Bone mineral density in cone beam computed tomography: Only a few shades of gray

Bone mineral density in cone beam computed tomography: Only a few shades of gray

Mechanical stability and clinical applicability assessment of novel orthodontic mini-implant design

Aplicación de un método no destructivo para la obtención propiedades físicas de tejido óseo basado técnica imanenológica y herramientas software cad

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