Bone density after rigid plate fixation of tibial fractures. A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry study

Janes, Gregory C.; Collopy, DM; Price, Roger I.; Sikorski, JM

doi:10.1302/0301-620x.75b6.8245081

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The goats used in our study were full-grown pigmy goats at least three years old. Also the species of animal is important for the effect of immobilisation on the BMD and should be considered when choosing a certain animal model [1,11]. The osteoporotic effects after cast immobilisation are smaller but recover slower in old dogs compared to young adult dogs [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also the species of animal is important for the effect of immobilisation on the BMD and should be considered when choosing a certain animal model [1,11]. The osteoporotic effects after cast immobilisation are smaller but recover slower in old dogs compared to young adult dogs [11]. Tuukanen et al [24] described a more than 12 % reduction in bone ash weight in the tibia and the femur of growing rats after 3 weeks of cast immobilisation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Regional Bone Loss after Tibial Fracture in the Goat

T¹,

Lingen²,

Lips³

et al. 2006

Osteosynthesis and Trauma Care

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Bone Loss after Tibial Fracture in the Goat

T¹,

Lingen²,

Lips³

et al. 2006

Osteosynthesis and Trauma Care

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“…Healing fractures produce tremendous bone and fibrous proliferation. Notwithstanding the disuse and stress shielding caused by rigid plate fixation, bone density in human tibial fractures is actually greater than normal bone within two weeks [Janes et al, 1993]. Cats (Felis domesticus) achieve clinical union in 3-4 weeks, with secondary callus complete in six to twelve weeks [Turnbull, 1966;Vaughan, 1966].…”

Section: Fracture Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Behavior in Extinct Animals: Was <i>Smilodon</i> Social?

2003

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It has been suggested that saber-tooth species such as Smilodon fatalis were social because partially healed skeletal injuries were found at Rancho La Brea, California. This conclusion assumes injured animals would die without help. This paper will rebut assertions of sociality. First, cats use metabolic reserves to heal quickly without feeding. Second, dehydration is a more profound limitation than starvation as prey carcasses only provide a quarter of necessary water. Injured animals must be mobile enough to find water or die of dehydration. Their presence in a tar pit also strongly suggests locomotion. Finally, the relatively small brain found in Smilodon is not consistent with sociality. Another argument for sociality has been the large ratio of Smilodon to other species in the La Brea tar pits. However, the remains of a non-social species, the Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetus), are about as common as Smilodon. Contrariwise, the highly social grey wolf (Canis lupus) and coyote (Canis latrans) are extremely rare. Available evidence does not support sociality in Smilodon.

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“…It has been proposed that plates be retained for at least 21 months, allowing bone density to return to prefracture levels (22). Evidence supporting the long-term application of plates has recently been presented (23)(24)(25). No significant difference in radial cortical density was observed between plated and unplated contralateral limbs following long-term plate application in dogs from 12-48 months (23).…”

Section: Timing Of Implant Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Plate Fixation: Its Relationship with Implant Induced Osteoporosis

Field¹

1997

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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SummaryThe use of internal fixation devices for fracture repair induces profound changes in the affected bone. The factors implicated in the development of implant induced osteoporosis have been extensively studied. The processes following bone plate fixation which results in vascular and structural changes to the bone have not been accurately described. There are many inconsistencies in the design of experimental studies and in data interpretation which confound the issue.Implant induced osteoporosis appears to be a biphasic phenomenon following the application of rigid internal fixation, with an early-onset osteonecrosis (8-12 weeks) elicited through cortical vascular insufficiency, followed by osteoporosis (24-36 weeks) induced by stress redistribution.The development of implant induced osteoporosis appears to involve mechanical factors (surgical trauma, screw placement, rigidity of the fixation device), acting in conjunction with vascular insufficiencies related to the bone-plate interface contact area and pressure distribution.Whatever the pathogenesis, the end result is a thinning of the diaphyseal cortices. Should implant removal be deemed necessary such osteoporosis is a cause for concern in view of the bones predisposition to refracture following plate removal. The degree of cortical osteoporosis observed appears to be time-dependent following internal fixaton and as such the clinical outcomes, after implant removal, are also related to the timing of removal.Numerous factors have been implicated in the development of the vascular and structural changes that follow the plating of bone. It appears that implant induced osteoporosis has a multifactorial pathogenesis involving surgical trauma, screw placement and the rigidity of the fixation device. Elements involved in the interface between plate and bone, such as interface contact area and pressure, are also implicated in the pathogenesis.

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Bone density after rigid plate fixation of tibial fractures. A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry study

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Regional Bone Loss after Tibial Fracture in the Goat

Regional Bone Loss after Tibial Fracture in the Goat

Assessing Behavior in Extinct Animals: Was <i>Smilodon</i> Social?

Bone Plate Fixation: Its Relationship with Implant Induced Osteoporosis

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