Bone and bone marrow involvement in sarcoidosis

Abstract

Bone and bone marrow involvement in sarcoidosis have been infrequently reported. We aimed to describe the clinical features, radiological descriptions, pathological examinations, and outcomes of three patients with osseous sarcoidosis and one patient with bone marrow sarcoidosis seen at our institution. Our case series included fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography descriptions in assessing the whole-body extent of sarcoidosis. In the era of advanced imaging, large bone and axial skeleton sarcoidosis lesions are more common than previously reported.

Bone marrow involvement in sarcoidosis: an elusive extrapulmonary manifestation

“…Extrathoracic manifestations vary depending on age, gender and ethnicity [25,26]. Of these, BMS has not been well characterized [27]. In a cohort study following 640 patients with sarcoidosis over 40 years, 95.8% of whom were Caucasians, none had BM involvement at the time of diagnosis and 0.3% had it at any time during follow up [28].…”

En kvinne i 40-årene med bekkensmerter og uklare MR-funn

“…Infiltrasjon i beinmarg ved MR er et lite spesifikt funn som ses ved flere tilstander i skjelettet (4). Et histologisk bilde med ikke-nekrotiserende granulomer, som hos vår pasient, kan forekomme ved sarkoidose, malignitet og infeksjoner (10). Diagnosen sarkoidose sikres ved biopsi (11), og det er foreslått kliniske diagnosekriterier for sarkoidose (ramme 1) (11).…”

A Giant Enchondroma Mimicking Sarcoidosis: Report of Case and Review of the Literature

“…It had irregular nodular contrast enhancement and the mass did not cause the expansion of the bone. MRI studies are demonstrated multiple lytic bone lesions of humerus that simulated metastases or multiple myeloma; irregular signal in the upper humeral metaphysis including high signal intensity on T2 fat suppressed sequence and intermediate intensity on T1-weighted imaging with postcontrast enhancement in humeral metaphysis and abnormal marrow signal intensity in the medial humeral head, low signal intensity on both T1and T2-weighted images, and a hyperintense signal focus within the marrow without cortical involvement in short tau inversion recovery (STIR) images [5,15,17]. Besides, involvement of cortical bone is less likely in these long bone lesions.…”

“…The presence of intralesional fat has been described as a feature that excludes malignancy [5,7,15]. Numerous areas of increased activity are seen positron emission tomography (PET) [17]. BS should be considered in sarcoidosis patients with bone lesions detected by either PET/CT or MRI.…”

“…Bone sarcoidosis (BS) may mimic metastatic malignancy or different bone neoplasms, therefore biopsy is suggested to obtain confirmation of diagnosis [6,[11][12][13][14]. Sarcoidosis of the humerus is exceptionally rare and to date, only a few cases have been reported [5,[15][16][17]. In this mini-review, a case of enchondroma in proximal humerus mimicking sarcoidosis and the features of bone involvement of sarcoidosis were reviewed.…”