Bond Stability Between Heavy Metals and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> ATCC 9763 Under Gastrointestinal Simulated Conditions and Assessments of Kinetics and Adsorption Isotherm Models

Investigation of the simulated microgravity impact on heavy metal biosorption by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

“…Several studies have proven that microgravity conditions cause changes in microorganisms that can be used in the fields of genetic engineering and biotechnology (Huangfu et al, 2020;Qi et al, 2011;Salavatifar, Mosallaei, & Salmanian, 2022). Microorganisms' bioremediation of toxins and heavy metals has also been determined (Afraz et al, 2020;Afsharian et al, 2022;Khosravi-Darani et al, 2021). Moreover, our previous study has demonstrated that simulated microgravity (SMG) conditions have increased heavy metal bioremediation by Lactobacillus (L).…”

“…Due to their high toxicity and destructive effects, removing them is on the research agenda (Feng et al, 2022;Khosravi-Darani et al, 2021;Zoghi et al, 2022).…”

“…Yeast, bacteria, algae, and fungi are some microorganisms that effectively bioremediate heavy metals (Abid et al, 2022). Several studies have demonstrated that Saccharomyces (S.) cerevisiae can bind toxic metals in aqueous environments and reduce their bioavailability (Khosravi-Darani et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2021). S. cerevisiae is a promising and safe yeast that grows in a low-cost medium.…”