Bomb threats and offender characteristics in Japan

Zaitsu, Wataru

doi:10.1002/jip.106

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…'Instrumental' means actions to accomplish a set goal such as revenge or crime concealment, whereas 'expressive' means relieving the offender's emotional distress or frustration. These themes were also observed in several kinds of crime: British stranger homicide (Salfati & Canter, 1999), Greek homicide (Salfati & Haratsis, 2001), arson (Canter & Fritzon, 1998), and bomb threat (Zaitsu, 2010). Moreover, both themes showed differences in offender characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Homicidal Poisoning in Japan: Offender and Crime Characteristics

Zaitsu¹

2010

International Journal of Police Science & Management

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The purpose of this study was to examine empirically those who committed homicidal poisoning in Japan (N = 96). Typically, offenders were middle-aged (mean 43.2 years), had a fixed residence (99 per cent), had no criminal record (81 per cent), were employed (68 per cent), and married (56 per cent): 54 per cent of the offenders were female. The offenders could be differentiated by categorical principal component analysis (CATPCA) into two poisoning themes: 'instrumental' (N = 65) and 'expressive' (N = 31). In 'instrumental' poisoning, the offenders were likely to induce a coma in a victim using medical supplies such as hypnotics, and then murder the victim, usually by strangling or stabbing. There were more co-offenders among 'instrumental' poisoners than among 'expressive' poisoners. The offenders who committed 'expressive' poisoning were inclined to poison victims serially or collectively in the workplace during daytime. These offenders were more likely to live with a parent/parents and exhibit mental health problems than those who committed 'instrumental' poisoning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Homicidal Poisoning in Japan: Offender and Crime Characteristics

Zaitsu¹

2010

International Journal of Police Science & Management

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“…Several problems were encountered in transforming these items into usable scales: many of them behave like dichotomies rather than continuous variables in relation to other variables, there are numerous missing values (four items have 30 or more missing values), and there are simply too few items to use the normal methods developed to produce scales. A useful strategy in this situation is to treat the items as ordinal variables, collapsing categories (while preserving their original order), and using categorical principal components analysis with the categories specified as ordinal (see Schwartz et al, 2001; Zaitsu, 2010, for other examples of this approach).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deliberating about terrorism: Prejudice and jury verdicts in a mock terrorism trial

Tait

2011

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

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Juries in many Western countries are being asked to make decisions about defendants charged with terrorist-related offences, in situations where heightened anxieties and hostility to outgroups may make a fair trial difficult. What impact can deliberation have in addressing any such prejudice? This study estimates the impact of several forms of prejudice on juror verdicts in a mock terrorism trial. The study provides a more realistic setting than most previous studies, with an authentic heritage courtroom, actual jury assembly room and jury deliberation rooms in the NSW Supreme Court, a one-hour live trial and one-hour deliberation. Strong relationships are found between conviction rates and prior attitudes before jury discussion, consistent with other literature. Deliberation significantly reduces the proportion of guilty verdicts; it also reduces the impact on verdict of two forms of prejudice – fear of terrorism and punitiveness. On the other hand it tends to increase the impact of cognitive prejudice, measured both by a modified version of the Jury Bias Scale and a terrorism-specific scale based on attitudes to Australian Guantanamo Bay detainee David Hicks.

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“…Another related part of the literature is devoted to identifying 'structure' within A to further guide the construction of typologies. Interestingly, an important part of this endeavour is the deployment of multivariate analysis and, in particular, spatial analytical techniques (for example, Canter et al 2004;Häkkänen et al 2004;Häkkänen 2006;Goodwill et al 2009;Chambers et al 2010;and Zaitsu 2010). The available evidence appears to support the possibility of offender profiling but this is certainly not a unanimous position within the investigative psychology and offender profiling literature.…”

Section: E Other Typologies and Empirical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Profiling of the Lone Wolf Terrorist: Can Economics Provide Behavioral Investigative Advice?

Phillips

Pohl

2012

Journal of Applied Security Research

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Economics has long had a theory of 'crime and punishment'. This theory provides predictions about the effects of law enforcement activity on criminals' actions but can it provide investigative advice? This paper extends the theoretical framework by identifying the possibility of 'economic profiling' of criminals and terrorists. Investigative psychologists attempt to derive the characteristics of offenders from the characteristics of the crime to develop an offender profile. The assignment of individuals to a 'class' involves the application of a classification scheme or typology. If the characteristics of a crime can be assigned to a particular type, the offender will have certain characteristics. This may assist law enforcement in identifying and finding the offender. A logical extension of the expected utility analysis of crime and terrorist behaviour is the development of a methodology of economic profiling based upon an economic-behavioural typology of criminal and terrorist behaviour. It is the purpose of this paper to provide some first steps in the development of such a framework. These first steps are cast in the context of an investigative economist seeking to develop an economic profile of a lone wolf terrorist.

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Bomb threats and offender characteristics in Japan

Abstract: This study examined telephone bomb threats and offender characteristics in Japan (N = 101). The results showed that the most frequent offenders were middle-aged men (mean 42.6

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Homicidal Poisoning in Japan: Offender and Crime Characteristics

Homicidal Poisoning in Japan: Offender and Crime Characteristics

Deliberating about terrorism: Prejudice and jury verdicts in a mock terrorism trial

Economic Profiling of the Lone Wolf Terrorist: Can Economics Provide Behavioral Investigative Advice?

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