Bolstering the Greatness of the Homeland: Productivity, Disability and Medicine in Franco's Spain, 1938–1966

Pérez, José Martínez; Cura, Mercedes Del

doi:10.1093/shm/hkv060

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…To ensure that future producers contributed to the national greatness, it was necessary to shape a strong, healthy, docile and basically productive body from childhood. To address this situation, the Francoist regime established social policies aimed not only at controlling and reducing childhood illness and improving the lives of children and their families (Bernabeu Mestre and Perdiguero Gil, 2001), but also at moulding the lifestyle and thoughts of the population to fit the new social agenda (Jiménez Lucena, 1997; Cayuela Sánchez, 2014; Martínez-Pérez and Del Cura, 2015). As some authors have stressed, social policies became a formidable propaganda tool, presenting the regime as magnanimous and socially responsive (Carasa, 1997; Molinero, 2005), which also contributed to the stability of the dictatorship by creating a “subculture of dependence” that would become a cornerstone of the reconstruction of power relationships in post-war Spain (Cenarro, 2008, p. 40).…”

Section: The Politics Of Disability In Early Francoismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…People with disabilities were included in these “weak areas” and their protection became not only a matter of social justice and Christian duty, but also a way to prevent the debilitation of the labour force (Martínez-Pérez, 2017). The improvement of their living conditions and, above all, their incorporation into the labour market were considered as the best way of avoiding the economic burden and the potential social threat that they could represent for the State (Martínez-Pérez and Del Cura, 2015).…”

Section: The Politics Of Disability In Early Francoismmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Childhood, disability and vocational training in Franco's Spain during the 1950s and early 1960s

Cura

Pérez

2021

HER

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeThis paper analyses the strategies designed by Franco´s dictatorship to address the “problem” of children with physical disabilities, focusing on the relevance given to vocational training.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws mainly on official documents, reports from international organisations, and Spanish experts' papers.FindingsFrancoism turned labour into one of the key pillars of its national project and included vocational training in the different stages of school life. From the mid-1950s, vocational training also became a key factor for the dictatorship's strategy towards disability. Following the recommendations issued by international agencies, Francoism began to adopt different measures towards the rehabilitation of children with disabilities. One of them was the creation, in 1959, of a special unit for adolescents within the National Institute for the Rehabilitation of Invalids. In addition to medical treatment, this unit provided children with education and vocational training.Originality/valueThe value of this paper lies in the fact that the topic it analyses has been little studied. Until now no attention has been given to the special unit for adolescents, despite it being a very interesting example of the medical model of disability and its contradictions. During their stay at the unit children were promised greater autonomy and independence, but their lives also became medicalised and they were forced to collaborate with experts.

show abstract

Section: The Politics Of Disability In Early Francoismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Politics Of Disability In Early Francoismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood, disability and vocational training in Franco's Spain during the 1950s and early 1960s

Cura

Pérez

2021

HER

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Con esta concepción "nacional y patriótica" del trabajo, la discapacidad iba a ubicarse en un lugar significativo dentro del ideario franquista: por un lado, por su potencial incidencia negativa en la productividad y con ello en la prosperidad de la nación; y por otro, por cuanto podía suponer una inobservancia irritante respecto del deber supremo del individuo para con la patria (Martínez-Pérez, 2017;Martínez y Del Cura, 2015). Como veremos en el siguiente apartado, los profesionales de la medicina, y especialmente de la Medicina del Trabajo aunque no solo, fueron los agentes encargados de supervisar y regular las actuaciones estatales sobre la discapacidad y los individuos considerados discapacitados.…”

Section: El áMbito Económicounclassified

El dispositivo de la discapacidad en la España del tardofranquismo (1959-1975): una propuesta de análisis

Sánchez¹,

Pérez²

2018

Asclepio

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

En este artículo pretendemos mostrar la conformación de un dispositivo de la discapacidad en la España del tardofranquismo. Para ello, y tras unos breves apartados de introducción metodológica y conceptual, analizaremos los discursos y mecanismos destinados al gobierno de la discapacidad en tres ámbitos de análisis: el económico, el médico-social y el pedagógico. El análisis de estos discursos y mecanismos, entendidos en su conexión tanto con elementos previos como con dinámicas internacionales contemporáneas al momento estudiado, nos permitirá examinar y exponer las particularidades de este dispositivo en el periodo propuesto. El artículo concluirá con una serie de consideraciones finales que han de servir de marco interpretativo para ulteriores aproximaciones a escenarios de estudio más concretos.

show abstract

“…Others, although they managed to survive the war and the reorganisations imposed by the new government, needed a large economic investment that was difficult to tackle in an impoverished Spain that was being pushed towards self-sufficiency (Richards, 1998). In addition, the dictatorship had little interest in intellectual disability when defining the social policies on disability for these first years (Martínez-Pérez and Del Cura, 2015) 2 . Intellectually disabled people did not fit well in the stereotype of productive, healthy citizens that the dictatorship wanted for the New Spain that was being built.…”

Section: The Rise Of Parents' Activismmentioning

confidence: 99%

De la resignación al inconformismo: movimiento asociativo, familia y discapacidad intelectual en la España de Franco (1957-1975)

Cura

Pérez

2016

Asclepio

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The association movement related to intellectual disability started in Spain during the second part of Franco´s dictatorship. Its appearance was rather late with respect to other countries, where associations of families and defenders of people with intellectual disabilities had been going on for some time and were forming larger groups, first European-wide then internationally. Spanish parents were the principal actor of this social movement. They demanded the right of their children to receive a decent education and to have a more secure future beyond that of childhood. From 1959 (the year that first association -ASPRONA-was created in Valencia) until the end of the Franco's regime more than one hundred family associations were created all over the country. Additionally, in 1964, the Spanish Federation of Societies for the Protection of the Subnormal (FEAPS) was created to liaise with the public administration and be in charge of promoting and helping the other associations. By analysing as main sources bulletins and reports published by these disability organisations, this article explains the rise of parents' activism, it describes the spread of the self-organised groups and it looks at the way in which these associations built their identities and performed their intended functions. The paper focuses also on the criticisms and problems these groups faced and on the process that led them to take a more confrontational stance.KEY WORDS: Association movement; Intellectual disability; Family; Franco's Spain. RESUMEN:El movimiento asociativo relacionado con la discapacidad intelectual comenzó en España durante la segunda parte de la dictadura Franquista. Su aparición fue relativamente tardía respecto a otros países, donde asociaciones de familias y defensores de las personas con discapacidad intelectual llevaban funcionando algún tiempo y estaban comenzado a formar grupos más grandes, primero a nivel europeo y posteriormente a nivel internacional. Los padres españoles fueron los actores principales de este movimiento social. Ellos reclamaron el derecho de sus hijos a recibir una educación adecuada y a tener un futuro más seguro en su etapa adulta. Desde 1959 (el año en que se creaba la primera asociación -ASPRONA-en Valencia) hasta el final del régimen de Franco se crearon más de un centenar de asociaciones familiares en el territorio nacional. Además, en 1964, se creaba la Federación Española de Asociaciones pro Subnormales (FEAPS) con el objeto de cooperar con la administración pública y encargarse de promover la creación de otras agrupaciones y contribuir a su desarrollo. Utilizando como fuentes principales los boletines e informes publicados por estas asociaciones, este artículo explica la aparición del activismo de los padres, describe la extensión de estos grupos y revisa el modo en que las asociaciones construyeron sus identidades y llevaron a cabo las funciones que se plantearon. El artículo analiza también las críticas y los problemas a los que estos grupos tuvieron que enfrentarse y el proceso...

show abstract

Bolstering the Greatness of the Homeland: Productivity, Disability and Medicine in Franco's Spain, 1938–1966

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Childhood, disability and vocational training in Franco's Spain during the 1950s and early 1960s

Childhood, disability and vocational training in Franco's Spain during the 1950s and early 1960s

El dispositivo de la discapacidad en la España del tardofranquismo (1959-1975): una propuesta de análisis

De la resignación al inconformismo: movimiento asociativo, familia y discapacidad intelectual en la España de Franco (1957-1975)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About