Bolivian hemorrhagic fever: A narrative review

A MOPEVAC multivalent vaccine induces sterile protection against New World arenaviruses in non-human primates

“…Yet, both known and unknown arenaviruses present a high risk of emergence or re-emergence. For example, WWAV and CHAV emerged in the last decades, while MACV, first described in the 1960s after being responsible for 637 cases 35 , caused sporadic cases until 2006 and re-emerged to cause more than 200 cases in 2008. CHAV also caused an outbreak in 2019 (ref.…”

“…37 ). Despite the quite low incidence of human contamination, cases of human-to-human transmission were documented, mainly to healthcare workers and laboratory staff 35,36,38 . The recent Ebola virus epidemics and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic have shown the importance of preparedness and, concerning vaccines, the necessity of having products fully validated at the preclinical level and ready to go into the clinic.…”

Immunoinformatics Approach to Design Multi-Epitope-Based Vaccine against Machupo Virus Taking Viral Nucleocapsid as a Potential Candidate

“…Machupo virus, a negative-sense mRNA virus from the Arenaviridae family, arose in 1952 in the rural areas of Bolivia. In 1962, 1000 individuals were affected by Machupo infection, and in 1963, an epidemic linked to the same virus emerged in Bolivia [ 2 ].…”

The Constant Threat of Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Emerging Tropical Diseases: Living on the Edge

“…The impact of these diseases and the establishment of local transmission in traditionally non-endemic areas, due to migration and travel, have been revealed over the last years. Diseases such as Chikungunya (11-16), Zika (17-24), Yellow Fever (25-28), Dengue (29)(30)(31)(32)(33), Oropouche, Madre de Dios virus, Iquitos virus (34,35), Mayaro Fever (36,37), Ebola (38)(39)(40)(41)(42), Nipah virus, arenaviruses such as Lassa (43), Machupo (44,45), Chapare (45,46), Junin (47), zoonotic Malaria (48), Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (49), Plague (50), Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Acute Orally Transmitted Chagas Disease (51)(52)(53)(54), Visceral and Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (55,56), Toxoplasmosis (57)(58)(59), Tick-Borne Diseases (60,61), Rift Valley Fever, Tuberculosis (62), Leprosy (63)(64)(65)(66)(67), Avian Influenza (68)(69)(70), Orthohantavirus (71)(72)…”

“…The impact of these diseases and the establishment of local transmission in traditionally non-endemic areas, due to migration and travel, have been revealed over the last years. Diseases such as Chikungunya ( 11 – 16 ), Zika ( 17 – 24 ), Yellow Fever ( 25 – 28 ), Dengue ( 29 – 33 ), Oropouche, Madre de Dios virus, Iquitos virus ( 34 , 35 ), Mayaro Fever ( 36 , 37 ), Ebola ( 38 – 42 ), Nipah virus, arenaviruses such as Lassa ( 43 ), Machupo ( 44 , 45 ), Chapare ( 45 , 46 ), Junin ( 47 ), zoonotic Malaria ( 48 ), Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome ( 49 ), Plague ( 50 ), Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Acute Orally Transmitted Chagas Disease ( 51 – 54 ), Visceral and Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ( 55 , 56 ), Toxoplasmosis ( 57 – 59 ), Tick-Borne Diseases ( 60 , 61 ), Rift Valley Fever, Tuberculosis ( 62 ), Leprosy ( 63 – 67 ), Avian Influenza ( 68 – 70 ), Orthohantavirus ( 71 – 75 ), and Toxocariasis ( 76 , 77 ) have posed a significant impact to human health. Furthermore, zoonotic epidemics and pandemic coronaviruses, such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) ( 78 – 82 ), and the ongoing SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 ( 83 , 84 ) pandemic, have caused a profound economical and social disruption threatening to overwhelm public health systems globally ( 85 ) ( Table 1 ).…”