Body weight set-point changes during the ovarian cycle: Experimental study of rats using hoarding behavior

Fantino, Marc; Brinnel, H.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(86)90469-5

Cited by 35 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…There is little or no seasonal variation in reproductive function of mice and rats (421). In addition to reproductive behaviors, eating, locomotor activity, nest building, fluid intake, food hoarding, and other behaviors vary rhythmically during the estrous cycle (217,224,251,727). The maxima of these cycles are not all in phase, and a variety of evidence indicates that they are separately controlled.…”

Section: Physiological Sex Differences In Disordered Eating)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the physiology of eating

Asarian

Geary²

2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

392

349

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(HPG) axis function fundamentally affects the physiology of eating. We review sex differences in the physiological and pathophysiological controls of amounts eaten in rats, mice, monkeys, and humans. These controls result from interactions among genetic effects, organizational effects of reproductive hormones (i.e., permanent early developmental effects), and activational effects of these hormones (i.e., effects dependent on hormone levels). Male-female sex differences in the physiology of eating involve both organizational and activational effects of androgens and estrogens. An activational effect of estrogens decreases eating 1) during the periovulatory period of the ovarian cycle in rats, mice, monkeys, and women and 2) tonically between puberty and reproductive senescence or ovariectomy in rats and monkeys, sometimes in mice, and possibly in women. Estrogens acting on estrogen receptor-␣ (ER␣) in the caudal medial nucleus of the solitary tract appear to mediate these effects in rats. Androgens, prolactin, and other reproductive hormones also affect eating in rats. Sex differences in eating are mediated by alterations in orosensory capacity and hedonics, gastric mechanoreception, ghrelin, CCK, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon, insulin, amylin, apolipoprotein A-IV, fatty-acid oxidation, and leptin. The control of eating by central neurochemical signaling via serotonin, MSH, neuropeptide Y, Agouti-related peptide (AgRP), melanin-concentrating hormone, and dopamine is modulated by HPG function. Finally, sex differences in the physiology of eating may contribute to human obesity, anorexia nervosa, and binge eating. The variety and physiological importance of what has been learned so far warrant intensifying basic, translational, and clinical research on sex differences in eating.neuroendocrinology; estrogens; testosterone; eating disorders; obesity SEX DIFFERENCES ARE PERVASIVE in physiology and medicine (51,64,73,109,110,466,797,826). The controls of eating and energy homeostasis are no exceptions. It was observed approximately 100 years ago that removal of the ovaries leads to marked accretion of adipose tissue in rats (697), that daily food intake expressed as kilocalories per gram body weight differs between male and female rats (778), and that food intake varies regularly through the ovarian cycle in intact female rats (674, 779). Sex differences in eating have been the subject of physiological research ever since. The clinical relevance of this work is increasingly evident. In the United States, women are approximately threefold more vulnerable than men to psychiatric eating disorders (346,351) and approximately twofold more vulnerable to severe and morbid obesity (BMI Ն 35 and 40 kg/m 2 , respectively, mass/height 2 ) (226). Women also appear to suffer more from these disorders in terms of physical and psychological functioning and quality of life (24,84,273,292,465,531,762). The increased obesity burden suffered by women is reflected in the fact that Ͼ80% of bariatric surgery patients in the U...

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Section: Physiological Sex Differences In Disordered Eating)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the physiology of eating

Asarian

Geary²

2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

392

349

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“…Estrogen seems to adjust people's ponderostat (body weight set-point) downward whereas progesterone seems to adjust it upward which is direct ad hoc food alliesthesia [20]. These hedonic responses take place in animals also.…”

Section: Drugs and Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alliesthesia. Up-date of the Word and Concept

Cabanac

2020

AJBSR

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“…Food hoarding refers to the behavior of collecting food without eating it and occurs in rats and hamsters (106). Hoarding behaviors in female hamsters and rats decrease during the estrous phase of the cycle increase in ovariectomized females and are reduced by estrogen or estrogen and progesterone replacement (107)(108)(109). Using the progressiveratio operant task, a task where the number of responses required to obtain a reward (usually bar presses) increases across the testing session, Richard et al found that free feeding female rats worked less to obtain sucrose rewards during proestrus/estrus, than in other phases of the cycle (96).…”

Section: Ghrelin and Ovarian Hormones In The Regulation Of Hedonic Fe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin and the Control of Energy Balance in Females

2022

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Ghrelin is considered one of the most potent orexigenic peptide hormones and one that promotes homeostatic and hedonic food intake. Research on ghrelin, however, has been conducted predominantly in males and particularly in male rodents. In female mammals the control of energy metabolism is complex and it involves the interaction between ovarian hormones like estrogen and progesterone, and metabolic hormones. In females, the role that ghrelin plays in promoting feeding and how this is impacted by ovarian hormones is not well understood. Basal ghrelin levels are higher in females than in males, and ghrelin sensitivity changes across the estrus cycle. Yet, responses to ghrelin are lower in female and seem dependent on circulating levels of ovarian hormones. In this review we discuss the role that ghrelin plays in regulating homeostatic and hedonic food intake in females, and how the effects of ghrelin interact with those of ovarian hormones to regulate feeding and energy balance.

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Body weight set-point changes during the ovarian cycle: Experimental study of rats using hoarding behavior

Cited by 35 publications

References 45 publications

Sex differences in the physiology of eating

Sex differences in the physiology of eating

Alliesthesia. Up-date of the Word and Concept

Ghrelin and the Control of Energy Balance in Females

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