Body wall defects and amniotic band syndrome in pig (Sus scrofa domesticus)

Abstract

The amniotic band syndrome is a congenital condition. It is characterized by the presence of fibrous amniotic bands that may entangle or entrap different foetal parts in utero, resulting in deformation, malformation or disruption. We report on a female piglet presenting amniotic band adherences in the right abdominal flank, several body wall defects (gastroschisis, abdominoschisis with omphalocele), severe scoliosis, anomalous umbilical cord with single umbilical artery, anal atresia, anomalous liver and absent gall bladder, hypoplastic genitalia, ankylosis and arthrogryposis in pelvic limbs, and bilateral patellar agenesia. The ethiopatogenia is discussed, as well as the comparative and embryological implications. K E Y W O R D Samniotic band syndrome, body wall defect, congenital malformation, pig

Anatomy‐based diagnostic criteria for complex body wall anomalies (CBWA)

“…ABS may include body wall anomalies, cranial anomalies, and limb amputation. The presence of the characteristic anomalies is enough for ABS diagnosis, even if bands are not present (Martín‐Alguacil & Avedillo, 2020c). The presence of amniotic bands was described in 47 of the studied cases, from which 17 cases showed structural limb anomalies, 29 nonstructural limb anomalies, and one case with no limb anomalies (Table 1).…”