Body Temperature and Fertilization in the Cow

Fallon, G. R.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0030116

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The viability of both the ova and the spermatozoids is significantly lowered when body temperatures are higher than normal, which results in lowered fertility. High temperatures affect the development of young embryos, which are most vulnerable in the first few days of life (Fallon, 1962;Stott and Williams, 1969). There is also a negative effect on the incidence of standing estrous and on the intensity and duration of estrous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heat Stress on Nonreturn Rate in Holsteins: Fixed-Model Analyses

Ravagnolo¹,

Misztal

2002

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between reproductive traits and heat stress. Nonreturn rate at 45 d (NR45) was analyzed in a fixed-effect model that included the temperature-humidity index (THI) from a nearby weather station as a measurement of heat stress. Data consisted of 150,200 first inseminations at first and later parities of 110,860 Holstein cows from 550 herds in Georgia, Tennessee, and Florida with weather information from 16 weather stations. THI on the day of the insemination, 2 d prior, 5 d prior, 5, 10, 20, and 30 d after insemination were studied as independent variables. The THI on the day of insemination showed the highest effect on NR45, followed by 2 d prior, 5 d prior, and 5 d after insemination, but no relationship was found with THI at 10, 20, and 30 d after insemination. NR45 showed a decrease of 0.005 per unit increase in THI on the day of insemination for THI >68. First and later parities presented similar thresholds but responded differently to an increase in THI, with NR45 being significantly lower and more susceptible to increases of THI in cows in their first parity than in later parities (0.008 vs. 0.005 decrease). Threshold for sensitivity to heat stress changed with the states, with Florida, Georgia, and Tennessee having thresholds of 70, 70, and 66, respectively. The decrease in NR45 per unit increase of THI was 0.007, 0.005, and 0.006 for Florida, Georgia, and Tennessee, respectively. With respect to only the Florida data, the final fixed-effect model used was NR45 = herd(year) + month(year) + month(year) + age(parity) + days in milk + 100d milk + THI + error. Animals with more than 150 d in milk (DIM) had a 0.16 lower NR45 than animals with less than 60 DIM at insemination. Lower milk-producing animals showed 0.08 higher NR45 than higher-producing animals. A difference of 0.10 in NR45 was observed between THI lower than 70 and THI 84. This variation in NR45 caused by THI changes is sufficient to merit further studies to examine genetic components of heat tolerance for this trait.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heat Stress on Nonreturn Rate in Holsteins: Fixed-Model Analyses

Ravagnolo¹,

Misztal

2002

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Heifers in the first treatment had a drastic decrease in conception rate with zero out of 23 females conceiving compared to the control group in which 12 of 25 females conceived (Dunlap and Vincent, 1971). This study agreed with previous research in which fertility decreased as females experienced heat stress (Fallon, 1962;Ulberg and Burfening, 1967).…”

Section: Beef Cattlesupporting

confidence: 93%

Genotype by environment interaction estimated by using reaction norms in cattle

Maricle¹

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“…At the cellular level, Hoshino (2018) demonstrated that increased oocyte intracellular temperature during maturation may be an indicator of oocyte quality and developmental competence. Fallon (1962) reported rectal temperatures ranging from 98.8°F to 105°F in dairy cows undergoing artificial insemination (AI) the morning (a.m.) after estrus was first observed the preceding afternoon (p.m.). In this otherwise synchronized set of females, cows with rectal temperatures ranging from 101.7°F to 105.0°F had higher fertility (73.5%) than those with lower rectal temperatures (98.8°F to 101.6°F).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between higher estrus-associated temperatures and the bovine preovulatory follicular fluid metabolome

Pollock,

Moorey,

Hessock

et al. 2023

Front. Anim. Sci.

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IntroductionA higher estrus-associated temperature (HEAT) is a hallmark feature in sexually active females; however, its functional importance is unclear. Our objective was to examine the relationship between HEAT and the preovulatory follicular fluid metabolome. It was hypothesized that HEAT is functionally important as it affects fertility-related components in the preovulatory follicle.MethodsEstrus was synchronized in non-lactating Jersey cows. A Thermochron iButton temperature data logger was affixed to blank controlled internal drug release (CIDR) devices and intravaginally inserted after CIDR device removal. The follicular fluid was aspirated 14.9 h + 3.3 h after an animal first stood to be mounted. Regression models were performed using metabolite abundance and HEAT variables. Best-fit models were determined using backward manual selection (p < 0.05).ResultsA total of 86 metabolites were identified in cow follicular fluid samples. The vaginal temperature at first mount and when it was expressed as a change from baseline was positively related to the abundance of four metabolites (i.e., taurine, sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, glycine, and cysteine) and negatively related to one metabolite (i.e., serine). The vaginal temperature at the first standing mount was related to the differential abundance of two metabolites (i.e., jasmonate and N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate). Three metabolites were related to the maximum vaginal temperature (i.e., N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate, uracil, and glycodeoxycholate). When expressed as a change from baseline, the maximum vaginal temperature was related to the differential abundances of uracil, uric acid, and 6-phospho-D-gluconate. The time taken to reach maximum vaginal temperature was related to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate, glycodeoxycholate, jasmonate, and tricarballylic acid. Pertaining to the combination of HEAT and its duration, the area under the curve associated with the time between the first increase in vaginal temperature and the maximum vaginal temperature was related to 6-phospho-D-gluconate, sulfolactate, guanidoacetic acid, and aspartate. The area under the curve associated with the time between the initial vaginal temperature increase and up to 10 h after a cow first stood to be mounted or when a cow’s temperature returned to baseline was related to the differential abundances of uracil, sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, methionine sulfoxide, and taurodeoxycholate.DiscussionOur findings support the notion that HEAT is related to changes in the preovulatory follicular fluid metabolites involved in energy metabolism, thermoregulation, and oxidative stress management.

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Body Temperature and Fertilization in the Cow

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Heat Stress on Nonreturn Rate in Holsteins: Fixed-Model Analyses

Effect of Heat Stress on Nonreturn Rate in Holsteins: Fixed-Model Analyses

Genotype by environment interaction estimated by using reaction norms in cattle

Relationship between higher estrus-associated temperatures and the bovine preovulatory follicular fluid metabolome

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