Body surface area, height, and body fat percentage as more sensitive risk factors of cancer and cardiovascular disease

Abstract

Background Limited studies have compared the association between various physical measurements and the risk of cancer or cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aim to explore the best‐individualized indicators of cancer and CVD risk assessment. Methods From May 2004 to December 2017, a community‐based cohort in China involving 100 280 participants were enrolled. BMI, height, body surface area (BSA), and body fat percentage (BFP) were compared in parallel about cancer and CVD risk with the multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results Within the follow‐up period, 3107 (3.10%) were diagnosed with cancer and 3721 (3.71%) had CVD. Per‐level increased (in tertile: T1, T2, and T3 level) BSA, height, and BFP was positively associated with the risk of overall cancer [HR (95% CI): 1.10 (1.05‐1.15), 1.12 (1.07‐1.18), and 1.10 (1.03‐1.16), respectively], whereas BMI was insignificant. Compared with the reference group (T2), the highest BSA level (T3) was positively associated with overall cancer incidence for both male [HR (95% CI): 1.28 (1.13‐1.45)] and female [HR (95% CI): 1.13 (1.00‐1.28)]. The BSA, height, and BFP also significantly associated with some site‐specific cancers including thyroid, stomach, breast, urinary system, and skin cancer. Meanwhile, BFP presented a strong positive association with overall CVD [HR (95% CI): 1.22 (1.15‐1.30) in trend] in both gender and associated with nearly all CVD subtypes especially the myocardial infarction and heart failure. Conclusion BSA, height, and BFP have more sensitivity in assessing cancer risk and BFP shows the largest hazard ratios for CVD incident. We provided valuable evidence for the application of height, BSA, and BFP in routine healthcare practice. These encouraging findings should be tested in more well‐defined studies for risk prediction.

Overweight and prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Second, the heterogeneity of the chemotherapy regimens used across the available studies may limit the interpretability of the results. Third, chemotherapy being the current standard systemic treatment of TNBC, is dosed based on body surface area to achieve the optimal pharmacologic biological availability 36 , and BMI is usually strongly associated with body surface area 37 . Thus, it cannot be excluded that the reported negative influence of overweight on TNBC prognosis could at least be partly due to differences in drug dosage determination guidelines 38 , as overweight patients may receive capped doses of chemotherapy to reduce the risk of toxicities 39 .…”

Anthropometric Indicators as a Tool for Diagnosis of Obesity and Other Health Risk Factors: A Literature Review

“…High BFP has been associated with a high prevalence of cardiometabolic dysregulation, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors (Romero-Corral et al, 2008;Gómez-Ambrosi et al, 2011;Shea et al, 2012;Kim et al, 2013;Ramírez-Vélez et al, 2017;Jia et al, 2018;Park et al, 2018;Escobedo-de la Peña et al, 2020). BFP has also been associated with a reduced survival (Padwal et al, 2016) and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (Dervaux et al, 2008;Si et al, 2020) and cancer (Si et al, 2020).…”

Incidence trend and disease burden of seven vaccine-preventable diseases in Shandong province, China, 2013–2017: Findings from a population-based observational study

“…In this study, we used dataset derived from Shandong Multi-Center Healthcare Big Data Platform (SMCHBDP) [15] to compare the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of the seven VPDs, involving hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), hepatitis B, tuberculosis, influenza, mumps, measles, and herpes zoster. Among them, four diseases were included in the NIP in China (hepatitis B, tuberculosis, mumps, and measles) [16] and one was non-notifiable infection (herpes zoster).…”