Body-size-dependent phantom library constructed from ICRP mesh-type reference computational phantoms

Abstract

Recently, ICRP Task Group 103 developed new mesh-type reference computational phantoms (MRCPs) for the adult male and female by converting the current voxel-type reference computational phantoms (VRCPs) of ICRP Publication 110 into a high-quality/fidelity mesh format. Utilizing the great deformability/flexibility of the MRCPs compared with the VRCPs, in the present study, we established a body-size-dependent phantom library by modifying the MRCPs. The established library includes 108 adult male and 104 adult female phantoms in different standing heights and body weights, covering most body sizes representative of Caucasian and Asian populations. Ten secondary anthropometric parameters with respect to standing height and body weight were derived from various anthropometric databases and applied in the construction of the phantom library. An in-house program for automatic phantom adjustment was developed and applied for practical construction of such a large number of phantoms in the library with minimized human intervention. Organ/tissue doses calculated with three male phantoms in different standing heights (165, 175, and 190 cm) with a fixed body weight of 80 kg for external exposures to broad parallel photon beams from 0.01 to 104 MeV were compared, observing there are significant dose differences particularly for the photon energies <0.1 MeV in which the organ/tissue doses tended to increase with increasing standing height. In addition, the organ/tissue doses of three female phantoms in different body weights (45, 65, and 140 kg) with a fixed standing height of 165 cm were compared, showing a significant decreasing tendency with increasing body weight for the photon energies <10 MeV. For the higher energies, the opposite trend, interestingly, was observed; that is, the organ/tissue doses tended to increase with increasing body weight. The results, despite the limited number of exposure cases, suggest that the use of the body-size-dependent phantom library can improve the accuracy of individual dose estimates for many retrospective dosimetry studies by taking the body size of individuals into account.

An Investigation of Body Size Impact on Organ Doses for Neutron External Exposures Using the MRCP-based Phantom Library

“…The secondary parameters were determined based on multiple anthropometric data: the NHANES III (1988–1994), Continuous NHANES (1999–2014) data, PeopleSize 2008 data (https://www.openerg.com/psz/), and US Army Anthropometric Survey (ANSUR II) data (https://apps.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA611869). More detailed information on the phantom library can be found elsewhere (Choi et al 2020).…”

“…dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA611869). More detailed information on the phantom library can be found elsewhere (Choi et al 2020). While the library covers a wide range of the body sizes, it was practically difficult to use all the phantoms in the library (a total of 212 phantoms) in Monte Carlo dose calculations as the computational resources available were limited.…”

A Review of Computational Phantoms for Quality Assurance in Radiology and Radiotherapy in the Deep-Learning Era

“…These phantoms represent the 10 th , 50 th , and 90 th percentile standing heights and body weights in male and female Caucasian populations. Similarly, Choi et al [151] established a body-size-dependent phantom library by modifying MRCPs. An in-house program for automatic phantom adjustment was developed and applied for the practical construction of such a large number of phantoms in the library with minimized human intervention.…”

An update on computational anthropomorphic anatomical models

“… 76 More recently, Akhavanallaf et al 65 developed an automated algorithm to construct a comprehensive library of phantoms extended from voxel-based ICRP reference phantoms. Choi et al 77 extended a body-size dependent family of adult phantoms based on mesh-type ICRP reference phantoms. Hoseinian et al 78 – 80 created a comprehensive series of BREP whole-body phantoms covering statistical diversities of the Iranian population ( Figure 3 ).…”