Body size and calling variation in the green toad (<i>Bufo viridis</i>)

Castellano, Sergio; Rosso, Alessandra; Doglio, Stefano; Giacoma, Cristina

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1999.tb01025.x

Cited by 34 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…), the oldest females were reported as 11 years for Bufo viridis. Furthermore, Castellano et al (1999) recorded the same result (11 years) only for males of this species in both Portuscoso (island; 50 m a.s.l.) and Zucchea (mainland; 350 m a.s.l.)…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between both body size and mass, and age and body mass, except in the males of the Adana population. Both Castellano et al (1999) and Kutrup et al (2011) found significant differences between island and mainland populations of B. variabilis, indicating that island adults were on average heavier than mainland adults. In the present study, the average body mass of the highland population was significantly higher than that of the lowland population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Life history traits in Bufotes variabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey

Altunışık¹,

Özdemır²

2015

Turk J Zool

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Life history characteristics (e.g., longevity, age at maturity, body size, and body mass) of the green toad, Bufotes variabilis, were investigated from 2 populations inhabiting different altitudes (Çankırı, 960 m a.s.l., n = 57; Adana, 13 m a.s.l., n = 52) in Turkey. Age was determined using skeletochronology. The oldest individual was 11 years old (range: 4-11 years) in the highland population, while the oldest individual was 6 years old in the lowland population (range: 2-6 years). Sexual maturity was estimated at 3-4 years in the highland population and 2-3 years in the lowland population by the skeletochronological pattern. Mean body length was found to be 70.41 and 69.42 mm and 54.18 and 56.11 mm for females and males of the highland and the lowland populations, respectively. While mean body mass of the females and males from the highland population was 44.83 and 42.73 g, it was 19.09 and 19.66 g in the lowland population, respectively. Mean age, SVL, and body mass in the highland population were found to be significantly higher than in the lowland population. Colder climate, sufficient food availability, less human impact, and lower predator density in the highland population may explain the differences between the 2 populations. In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between age and body measurements (SVL and body mass) in both males and females of the populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Life history traits in Bufotes variabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey

Altunışık¹,

Özdemır²

2015

Turk J Zool

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“…We determined animals' age by means of skeletochronological techniques (Halliday and Verrell, 1988;Leclair and Castanet, 1987;Castellano et al, 1999). Preserved phalanges were decalcified in 5% nitric acid for 40-60 min and washed in water overnight.…”

Section: Age Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecogeographic analysis of morphological and life-history variation in the Italian treefrog

2005

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We describe the spatial pattern of variation in body size, body shape, and adult population age structure of the Italian treefrog (Hyla intermedia). By means of a non-parametric test of matrix association (the Partial Mantel Test), we investigate the role of climate and geography in explaining the patterns of phenotypic variation. Body size is the most important source of morphometric variation, both at intra-and inter-populational levels. Body shape, despite its secondary role in explaining variation, still maintains high discriminative power among populations. Age structure differs significantly among populations, since body size correlates positively to age, these differences partly explain geographic variation of body size. The patterns of variation in both age and body size are congruent with climate variation, suggesting causal relationship. However, we find no evidence for adaptive explanations and suggest that climate-induced demographically differential survivorship might be the proximate cause responsible for the associations observed. Unlike body size, body shape varies congruently with the pattern of between-population geographic distances, which we show to be highly correlated with their genetic distances, thus suggesting isolation by distance as the proximate cause of the association.

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“…However, variation between populations was small when compared to studies on other anurans (Snyder and Jameson 1965;Hasegawa et al 1999;Castellano et al 2000;. Interpopulation variation may be associated to stochastic processes and be directly related to gene flow or selection (Smith et al 2003;Bernal et al 2005;Pröhl et al 2007;Ohmer et al 2009; Kaefer and Lima 2012), which may act directly on call characteristics or through pleiotropic effects (Ryan et al 1990;Castellano et al 1999). When selective pressures are weak, call variation is expected to be correlated with geographical distance between populations or associated to an important dispersal barrier (Pröhl et al 2006;Maia et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Variability in anuran advertisement call: a multi-level study with 15 species of monkey tree frogs (Anura, Phyllomedusidae)

et al. 2020

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Understanding the variability of acoustic signals is a first important step for the comprehension of the evolutionary processes that led to current diversity. Herein, we evaluate the variability of the advertisement call of the phyllomedusid species from the genera Phyllomedusa Wagler, 1830 and Pithecopus Cope, 1866 at different levels: intra-individual, intra-population, inter-population, intra-species, and inter-specific. An analysis of coefficients of variation showed a continuum of variability between the acoustic parameters analyzed, from static to highly dynamic. The majority of the variation was attributed to the inter-specific level, while call parameters at the intra-individual level varied the least. However, each parameter behaved differently with call interval being the most variable across all levels. Most temporal acoustic parameters were affected by environmental temperature, while pulse rate and dominant frequency were strongly influenced by body size. Only pulse rate was correlated to the geographic distance between populations, while all parameters presented a significant phylogenetic signal. Based on these results, we discuss the possible importance of different evolutionary forces and the usage of vocalizations for taxonomic purposes.

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Body size and calling variation in the green toad (Bufo viridis)

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Life history traits in Bufotes variabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey

Life history traits in Bufotes variabilis (Pallas, 1769) from 2 different altitudes in Turkey

Ecogeographic analysis of morphological and life-history variation in the Italian treefrog

Variability in anuran advertisement call: a multi-level study with 15 species of monkey tree frogs (Anura, Phyllomedusidae)

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