Body site‐specific genetic effects influence naevus count distribution in women

Visconti, Alessia; Ribero, Simone; Sanna, Marianna; Spector, Timothy D.; Bataille, Véronique; Falchi, Mario

doi:10.1111/pcmr.12820

Cited by 15 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…23 Moreover, different genes seem to be involved in the appearance of naevi at different body sites. 24 For historical reasons, the TwinsUK database mainly includes female participants. The naevus counts were performed by research nurses trained by the same dermatologist (V.B.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural history of naevi: a two‐wave study

et al. 2021

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Summary Background Naevi number changes with age. Thus, a better understanding of naevus biology will shed more light on the genetic and environmental factors involved in melanoma development. Objectives To use a two‐wave study to better understand the evolution of naevi in healthy adults. Methods This study is a prospective two‐wave study based on adult twins from the TwinsUK registry (n = 414) who underwent total body naevus counts with an interval of at least 15 years. A negative binomial hierarchical model with two levels, the individual and the twin pair, was used to estimate expected changes in naevus count between the first and second visit, at any specific body site and on the whole body. The model was adjusted for age, calendar year at the first visit, height and skin type. Results The mean age of participants was 46 years at the first visit and 63 years at the second visit (the mean elapsed time between visits was 17 years). An increase in naevus count was observed in 235 (57%) participants and a decrease was observed in 166 (40%). The mean difference in total naevus count between the two visits was nine. The expected total body naevus count increased, on a logarithmic scale, by 0·28 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·16–0·40] with a change in the incidence rate of total body naevus count of 32% (95% CI 17–49%). However, the observed increase in naevus count over time was observed only on the upper parts of the body, whereas there was no evidence of an increase on the lower parts. Conclusions Naevus counts increased slightly over time at older ages, but this was dependent on body site. The overall decrease in naevus counts previously reported in cross‐sectional studies has not been confirmed by this longitudinal study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural history of naevi: a two‐wave study

et al. 2021

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“…In summary, current research demonstrates that melanoma susceptibility and survival are strongly connected with biological sex, which appears to influence also the site of the primary tumor [3]. Analogously, nevus count distribution at different body sites seems to have a sex-specific pattern, which we have shown to be under genetic influence [10], albeit only in women.…”

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confidence: 53%

“…Mirroring what is already observed for melanoma primary site, sex differences in nevus distribution are observed at different body sites from childhood onward, with females having more nevi on the legs, and males having more nevi on the head, neck and torso [9,10]. Interestingly, nevus count on the torso in males and on the legs in females are better predictors of overall melanoma risk than nevus count at any other site [9].…”

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confidence: 63%

“…Twins studies can estimate the proportion of the variability of a trait that is caused by genetic effect and by environmental factors [15]. We showed that 69% of the nevus count variability on the legs -the site more common for melanoma in womencould be explained by genetic effects, and only 31% was due to environmental factors [10]. For comparison, on the torso, where melanoma incidence is lower in females, genetic effects were the lowest and responsible for only 26% of the nevus count variability in the female twins.…”

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confidence: 86%

“…Nevus count on the arms was significantly associated with variants at the DOCK8, MTAP and PLA2G6 loci, while nevus count on the head and neck were associated with variants at the IRF4 and MTAP loci. Only the PLA2G6 locus was associated with nevus count distribution on the torso [10].…”

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confidence: 93%

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Genetics Plays a role in Nevi Distribution in Women

et al. 2020

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Evaluation of Sex-Specific Incidence of Melanoma

et al. 2020

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en and women develop melanoma at different rates in the US and other countries, but explanations for the observed disparities remain elusive and it is unclear to what extent the phenomena are due to innate biological differences (eg, cellular and hormonal) or different behaviors (eg, patterns of sun exposure, clothing, and sun protection). Global data on melanoma incidence for 2018 show a wide variation in the male to female incidence rate ratio (IRR); for the 30 countries with the highest melanoma incidence, 1 the male to female IRR ranged from 0.68 (95% CI, 0.63-0.73) in Denmark up to 1.35 (95% CI, 1.33-1.37) in the US white population and 1.47 (95% CI, 1.42-1.52) in Australia (Figure 1). Data from North America, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand all suggest that the incidence is generally higher in women than men up to the age of approximately 50 years, after which higher rates pre-vail in men. 2 The excess among men at older ages is most notable in the high-incidence populations of Australia and New Zealand, and data from the US suggest that the sex-specific pattern by age is similar across all histologic subtypes of melanoma. 3 Reports in the literature also point to differences between men and women with respect to the anatomic distribution of melanoma, with melanomas more likely to arise on the trunk in men and on the lower limbs in women. 4 The observed differences in anatomic distribution by sex have commonly been attributed to behavioral differences between men and women in relation to sun exposure. However, there are few data comparing incidence temporal trends across populations, with previous studies conducted either in single populations, 3,[5][6][7] at single points in time 8 or restricted to par-IMPORTANCE Men and women develop melanoma at different rates on different body sites, with variation across countries, but explanations for these disparities remain elusive. OBJECTIVE To test whether observed differences in melanoma incidence between men and women vary by population, age, or anatomic site.DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of sex-and site-specific temporal trends in melanoma incidence over 3 decades was conducted for men and women diagnosed with invasive melanoma in the US (limited to white race), Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the UK, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. Using cancer registry data, male to female incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated overall and by anatomic site, and Joinpoint regression models were used to estimate the annual percentage rate changes in sex-and site-specific incidence in each population. Incidence rates were standardized to the

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Body site‐specific genetic effects influence naevus count distribution in women

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Natural history of naevi: a two‐wave study

Natural history of naevi: a two‐wave study

Genetics Plays a role in Nevi Distribution in Women

Evaluation of Sex-Specific Incidence of Melanoma

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