Body Orientation and Points of Contact during Laboratory-Based Machinery Egress: Investigating Adherence to Safety Guidelines

Abstract

HighlightsMost of the experienced operators performed machine egress facing out from the cab.Egress was 2.5 s longer when facing in toward the machine, but no differences were observed in points of contact maintained when compared to egress facing out.Maintaining at least three points of contact during egress was observed for only approximately 30% of egress duration.A one-hour exposure to whole-body vibration did not change points of contact behavior nor egress duration when performing egress while facing out.Abstract. Mobile farm machinery operators are at a high risk of injury when entering (ingress) and exiting (egress) the cabs of such machinery due to slips and falls. Safety organizations and equipment manufacturers have delivered a consistent message: operators are to egress machines facing in, toward the access path, and maintain three points of contact at all times. This study used a laboratory-based model of a mid-sized agricultural tractor to determine adherence to best practices for safety and the effect of acute whole-body vibration exposure on compliance. The majority of 19 experienced operators (16 male, 3 female) performed machinery egress facing out from the cab because descending while facing in toward the machine took 2.5 s longer. Maintaining at least three points of contact during egress was observed for only approximately 30% of egress duration, but was as high as approximately 41% for participants who self-selected the facing-in orientation. Exposure to 1 h of whole-body vibration did not change points of contact behavior nor trial duration when performing egress while facing out. Overall, the model cab used in this study had safety features similar to a real-world machine, indicating that there may be opportunities in access path or cab door design to promote increased points of contact use. Future work is needed to accurately assess three-dimensional movement patterns and external forces for disease and injury risk models. Keywords: Access path, Farm machinery, Safety guidelines, Occupational injury.

The effect of selected rest break activities on reaction time, balance, and perceived discomfort after one hour of simulated occupational whole-body vibration exposure in healthy adults

“…This acceleration profile was double-integrated to displacement, then input as a control program for the rotopod platform. Accelerations at the model cab seat, with a human occupant, were determined with a 6 g tri-axial accelerometer (SXT V1, Biometrics Ltd, Newport UK) embedded in a rubber seat pad and processed according to ISO standard 2631-1 25 to ensure that the control program was within 5% of the field measurements [ 8 , 14 ]. While exposed to WBV, participants were asked to play a farming simulation game (Farming Simulator 19, GIANTS Software GmbH, Zurich, Switzerland) to simulate real-world attentiveness and postures during experimental sessions.…”

“…Postural deficits caused by exposure to vibration have been shown to last for several hours in some individuals [ 13 ]. These deficits can lead to a high risk of near-miss incidents (slips, trips, and falls), especially during machine egress [ 14 ], and are related to on-farm injuries and fatalities [ 15 ].…”