Body measurements and somatotypes of young adult Jat-Sikh men of Punjab, India

Singh, Sukhraj; Sidhu, Loveleen; Malhotra, P.

doi:10.1127/anthranz/46/1988/261

Cited by 5 publications

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“…This is partly cultural due to the traditions of the Khalsa soldier-saints, but there is also evidence that the native Sikh population are taller than the neighbouring Hindu population. 9 There are variations within the native Punjabi Sikh population with Sikhs of a higher social class showing improved growth, with the differences increasing with age. 10 However, interestingly in migrant Sikhs these differences in mass largely disappear but the differences in skeletal dimensions remain, with male migrants especially having substantially larger amounts of subcutaneous fat.…”

Section: Coronary Risk Factors In Sikh Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes care in the Sikh patient: cultural and clinical aspects

Goenka

Marwa

Randeva

et al. 2002

Diabetes & Vascular Disease

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The Sikh religion T he word 'Sikh' in the Punjabi language means 'disciple' and the Sikh religion today has a following of over 20 million people worldwide. Sikhs are the disciples of God who follow the writings and teaching of the Ten Sikh Gurus. The Sikh religion originated in the Punjab region of India. The founder of the Sikh religion was Guru Nanak who was born in 1469. He preached a message of love and understanding and criticised some specific practices and rituals of certain Hindu and Muslim sects. Guru Nanak passed on the leadership of this new religion to nine successive Gurus. The final living Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, died in 1708.Sikhism has been revolutionary in many ways, especially in its view of women. At the time of the Gurus, women were not considered the equals of men in society. Men were allowed polygamy but widows were not allowed to remarry and were encouraged to burn themselves on their husband's funeral pyre (sati). Child marriage and female infanticide were prevalent and often given religious sanction.In this climate the Gurus preached that women were equal to men, worthy of praise and deserving of education, and the cruel customs of sati and female infanticide were condemned. Sikhs were also taught that women wearing veils was unnecessary and widows were encouraged to remarry. The Sikh religion was also innovative in its condemnation of a 'priestly' class and in holding the belief that people of different religions were equally capable of reaching salvation whilst following their own religion.During his life, the last living Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708), established the Khalsa order (meaning 'the pure'), soldier-saints. The Khalsa uphold the highest Sikh virtues of commitment and dedication to their faith. The Khalsa are men and women who strictly follow the Sikh code of conduct and wear the prescribed physical articles of the faith (the five Ks, see table 1).The spiritual head is not a living person as such, but a religious scripture called the Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the Eternal Guru of the Sikhs. It contains the poetry of the Gurus as well as the writings of saints of other faiths whose thoughts were consistent with those of the Sikh Gurus. In this regard, Sikhism can be regarded as a multi-faith eclectic religion to a greater extent than the other main faiths.

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Section: Coronary Risk Factors In Sikh Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes care in the Sikh patient: cultural and clinical aspects

Goenka

Marwa

Randeva

et al. 2002

Diabetes & Vascular Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Age differences in somatotypes of Garhwali males 17–60 years of age

Gaur

Singh

1997

Am. J. Hum. Biol.

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Changes in somatotype with age were investigated in a cross‐sectional sample of 400 Garhwali men from northwest India. The subjects, 17‐60 years of age, were somatotyped with the Heath‐Carter anthropometric protocol. The overall mean somatotype was 3.0‐3.7‐3.1. A one‐way MANOVA indicated significant differences among the nine age groups. Pairwise comparisons using Hotelling's T2 showed significant differences between men up to 29 years and those over 30 years. Garhwali men 30+ years of age were more endomorphic and less ectomorphic than younger men. The mean somatotype for men 30+ years was 3.3‐3.9‐2.7 and for men <30 years was 2.8‐3.3‐3.9. Endomorphy and mesomorphy increased with age with a reciprocal decrease in ectomorphy up to 55 years; the trend was somewhat reversed thereafter. The somatotype categories mesomorphic ectomorph and mesomorph‐ectomorph included the greatest proportion of Garhwali men <30 years; maximum percentages of men 30+ years belonged to the mesomorph‐endomorph, endomorphic mesomorph and mesomorphic endomorph categories. Garhwali men were more ectomorphic and less endomorphic and mesomorphic than Canadians. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 9:285–290, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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The body weight of AL 288‐1 (‘Lucy’): A new approach using estimates of skeletal length and the body mass index

Porter¹

1995

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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A method of estimating the body mass of hominids by use of the skeletal length and physique index is described. The body mass indices (BMI) of female humans and female chimpanzees are known and this permits an estimate of the probable BMI for the female common ancestor and thus for female morphs intermediate between the common ancestor and modern humans. AL288-1 ('Lucy') probably had a BMI of about 22.3kgm-* and for a height of 105cm this yields a body weight estimate of about 25 kg. Body weight estimates of 28-29 kg would imply a body mass index similar to female chimps and are improbable. These conclusions will be compromised if the chimp-gorilla-homo phylogenetic relationship proves to be a trichotomy rather than a chimp-homo dichotomy.

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Body measurements and somatotypes of young adult Jat-Sikh men of Punjab, India

Cited by 5 publications

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Diabetes care in the Sikh patient: cultural and clinical aspects

Diabetes care in the Sikh patient: cultural and clinical aspects

Age differences in somatotypes of Garhwali males 17–60 years of age

The body weight of AL 288‐1 (‘Lucy’): A new approach using estimates of skeletal length and the body mass index

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