Body mass-to-waist ratio strongly correlates with skeletal muscle volume in children

Ohta, Masahito; Midorikawa, Taishi; Hikihara, Yuki; Sakamoto, Shizuo; Kawakami, Yasuo; Fukunaga, Tetsuo; Kanehisa, Hiroaki

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177155

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Body mass-to-waist circumference ratio (BM/W) was calculated from BM and W [ 9 ], and waist circumference-to-body height ratio (W/BH) was calculated based upon BH and W [ 16 ]. Since body shape parameters have been found to be correlated with FFM in male athletes [ 1 ] and are indicators of prospective male athletes [ 17 ], body mass index (BMI) (kg/m 2 ) and reciprocal ponderal index (RPI) (cm/kg 0.333 ) were calculated based upon BH and BM.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, anthropometric variables derived from body height and mass are associated with FFM in athletes [ 1 ]. Furthermore, body mass-to-waist ratio (BM/W) has been shown to be a strong indicator for whole body skeletal muscle volume in children [ 9 ]. In previous studies, however, the validity of the prediction equations derived from these variables have not been tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body shape indices are predictors for estimating fat-free mass in male athletes

et al. 2018

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It is unknown whether body size and body shape parameters can be predictors for estimating whole body fat-free mass (FFM) in male athletes. This study aimed to investigate whether body size and shape variables can be predictors for FFM in male athletes. Using a whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner, whole body fat mass (FM) and FFM were determined in 132 male athletes and 14 sedentary males. The sample was divided into two groups: validation (N = 98) and cross-validation (N = 48) groups. Body height (BH), body mass (BM), and waist circumference at immediately above the iliac crest (W) were measured. BM-to-W and W-to-BH ratios were calculated as indices of body shapes. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that BM/W and W/BH were selected as explainable variables for predicting FFM. The equation developed in the validation group was FFM (kg) = 0.883 × BM/W (kg/m) + 43.674 × W/BH (cm/cm)– 41.480 [R2 = 0.900, SEE (%SEE) = 2.3 kg (3.8%)], which was validated in the cross-validation group. Thus, the current results demonstrate that an equation using BM/W and W/BH as independent variables is applicable for predicting FFM in male athletes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body shape indices are predictors for estimating fat-free mass in male athletes

et al. 2018

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“…The metaanalyses in this review pooled raw muscle volume (cm 3 ) from two cohorts 14,18,42 . Muscle size is associated with body-weight 53,54 , so it is possible that the findings of our meta-analyses were confounded by using un-normalised muscle volume (e.g., normalised to bodyweight). Interestingly, only one of the included studies provided additional data that had been normalised to body-weight 18 ; with GMin, GMed and GMax being significantly smaller in people with hip OA compared with controls.…”

Section: Hip Oa Vs Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle size and composition in people with articular hip pathology: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Lawrenson

Crossley

Vicenzino

et al. 2019

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

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s u m m a r yObjective: To synthesise and evaluate the current evidence investigating muscle size and composition in non-inflammatory articular hip pathology. Methods: A systematic review of five electronic databases, using three concepts; articular hip pathology (e.g., osteoarthritis (OA)); hip muscles; and outcomes (e.g., muscle size and adiposity) was undertaken. Studies addressing non-inflammatory or non-traumatic articular hip pain, using measures of muscle size and adiposity were included and appraised for risk of bias. Data was extracted to calculate standardised mean differences (SMD) and pooled where possible for meta-analysis. Results: Thirteen cross-sectional studies were included; all studies measured muscle size and 5/13 measured adiposity. In OA, there was low to very low quality evidence of no difference in hip muscle size, compared with matched controls. In unilateral OA, there was low to very low quality evidence of smaller size in gluteus minimus (SMD À0.38; 95% confidence interval (CI) À0.74, À0.01), gluteus medius (À0.44; 95% CI: À0.83, À0.05) and gluteus maximus (À0.39; 95% CI: À0.75, À0.02) muscles in the symptomatic limb. Individual studies demonstrated non-uniform changes in muscle size in OA. No significant difference was observed in muscle size in other pathologies or in adiposity for any group. Conclusion: There is some low quality evidence that specific hip muscles are smaller in unilateral hip OA. Variation in the magnitude of differences indicate changes in size are not uniform across all muscles or stage of pathology. Studies in larger cohorts investigating muscle size and composition across the spectrum of articular pathologies are required to clarify these findings.

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“…The meta-analyses in this review pooled raw muscle volume (cm 3 ) from two cohorts. 30,31,128 Muscle size is associated with body-weight, 206,207 so it is possible that the findings of our meta-analyses were confounded by using un-normalised muscle volume (e.g. normalised to body-weight).…”

Section: Hip Oa Vs Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between groups comparisons should account for body mass due to its association with muscle size. 206,207 Normalising raw measurements of muscle size to body mass as used by one study within the review, 128 may help to account for possible confounding associated with comparisons between symptomatic and asymptomatic control populations.…”

Section: Research Implications 831 Muscle Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle activity and morphology in hip-related pain

Lawrenson¹

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Hip-related pain is common in young active people and is associated with intra-articular pathology and the pathogenesis of early onset osteoarthritis (OA). Hip-related pain can impact athletic participation and quality of life, as well as pose an ongoing financial burden to society through costs associated with long term management, including surgery. Improved knowledge of factors that contribute to the symptoms of hip-related pain and progression of joint degeneration are important. Muscles surrounding the hip are proposed to influence joint forces and dynamic stability, which can impact joint health and symptoms, yet little is known about muscle activity or morphology in hip-related pain. A greater understanding of the role that muscles play in hip-related pain may identify pathways for targeted treatment and primary prevention strategies in the future. A systematic review and meta-analysis (Study 1) was undertaken to ascertain the current best evidence regarding muscle morphology in hip-related pain. This review investigated all stages of articular hip pathology across the pathological continuum, identifying the presence of altered muscle morphology in moderate to advanced hip OA. The magnitude of difference in muscle size was not uniform across all muscles, suggesting they may be uniquely influenced by demand in articular pathology. Hypertrophy of deep anterior muscles, spanning the hip joint, in populations with compromised passive stability supports a hypothesis of increased activity to augment joint stability. Limited research has examined muscle activity in earlier stages of hip pathology, highlighting the need for further investigation of muscles surrounding the hip joint to clarify their role in hip-related pain. Iliocapsularis is a pericapsular muscle orientated over the anterior hip with direct attachments to the capsule. Because of its location and capsular insertions, it is theorised to play a dynamic role in joint stability which may be important in hip-related pain. Intramuscular electromyography (EMG) of Iliocapsularis has not been undertaken, due in part to its relative anonymity, and close proximity to the femoral neurovascular bundle posing technical 3.2.5

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Body mass-to-waist ratio strongly correlates with skeletal muscle volume in children

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Body shape indices are predictors for estimating fat-free mass in male athletes

Body shape indices are predictors for estimating fat-free mass in male athletes

Muscle size and composition in people with articular hip pathology: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Muscle activity and morphology in hip-related pain

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