Body mass index trajectories in childhood and incidence rates of type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease in adulthood: A cohort study

Blond, Kim; Vistisen, Dorte; Aarestrup, Julie; Bjerregaard, Lise G.; Hudda, Mohammed T; Tjønneland, Anne; Allin, Kristine H.; Jørgensen, Marit E.; Jensen, Britt W.; Baker, Jennifer L.

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110055

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In five studies, trajectories were identified separately for males and females, and outcomes were reported by gender 20,22,33–35 . Three studies identified trajectories during childhood, 19,21,35 while the remainder 14,16,20,22,33,34,36–43 identified BMI trajectories from childhood to adulthood. Most studies described the trajectories based on the level and patterns of BMI (normal, intermittent, and constant overweight).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The included studies identified several body weight trajectories, ranging from three to eight per study (Table S1). In five studies, trajectories were identified separately for males and females, and outcomes were reported by gender 20,22,33–35 . Three studies identified trajectories during childhood, 19,21,35 while the remainder 14,16,20,22,33,34,36–43 identified BMI trajectories from childhood to adulthood.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample size of individual studies ranged from 336 to 116,888. Twelve of the included studies were conducted in high-income countries: two each in the USA, 33,34 Denmark, 19,35 the UK, 36,37 and Spain, 38,39 and one each in the Netherlands, 40 France, 41 Sweden, 20 and Finland. 16 Of the remaining five studies, four were conducted in China 14,21,42,43 and one in Iran.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studies and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In five studies, trajectories were identified separately for males and females, and outcomes were reported by gender. 20,22,[33][34][35] Three studies identified trajectories during childhood, 19,21,35 while the remainder 14,16,20,22,33,34,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] identified BMI trajectories from childhood to adulthood. Most studies…”

Section: Number and Nature Of Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten studies 14,16,19,20,22,33,35,37,41,42 reported results on the effect of different BMI trajectories from childhood to adulthood on type 2 diabetes mellitus risk. Three studies were not eligible for meta-analysis because they did not include any trajectories that could be classified into the most common trajectory categories that we defined.…”

Section: Bmi Trajectories and Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life‐course trajectories of body mass index and cardiovascular disease risks and health outcomes in adulthood: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Kibret,

Strugnell,

Backholer

et al. 2024

Obesity Reviews

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SummaryObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to assess the effect of life course body mass index (BMI) trajectories (childhood to adulthood) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and outcomes.MethodsProspective or retrospective cohort studies were identified that assessed the association of BMI trajectories with CVD risks and outcomes from databases published in English. The pooled effect sizes were estimated using a random‐effects model.FindingsSeventeen eligible studies were included in this systematic review. The results revealed that a persistently overweight trajectory from childhood to adulthood was associated with a higher risk of hypertension (RR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.9, 3.28) and type 2 diabetes (RR: 4.62; 95% CI: 2.36, 9.04) compared with a trajectory characterized by a normal BMI throughout both childhood and adulthood. Similarly, the risk of hypertension (RR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.70, 3.33) and type 2 diabetes (RR: 3.66; 95% CI: 2.57, 5.19) was higher in those with normal‐to‐overweight trajectory compared with participants with a stable normal weight trajectory.ConclusionThe findings suggest that lifetime BMI trajectories may be influential on health outcomes, and preventive strategies should be designed accordingly. Implementing appropriate preventive strategies at all life stages may reduce CVD risks and adverse outcomes later in life.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studies and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Number and Nature Of Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bmi Trajectories and Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life‐course trajectories of body mass index and cardiovascular disease risks and health outcomes in adulthood: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Kibret,

Strugnell,

Backholer

et al. 2024

Obesity Reviews

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Changes in general and abdominal obesity in children at 4, 6 and 9 years of age and their association with other cardiometabolic risk factors

et al. 2023

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Temporary changes in childhood obesity and their association with cardiometabolic risk factors have been receiving increased attention. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in general (GO) and abdominal (AO) obesity in children from 4 to 9 years of age and their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors at 9 years of age. This study includes 1344 children from the Longitudinal Childhood Obesity Study (ELOIN). Physical examinations performed at 4, 6 and 9 years of age and a blood sample was only taken at 9 years of age. Changes in obesity from 4 to 9 years of age were estimated using Body Mass Index and waist circumference. Participants were classified into four groups according to GO and AO: (1) stable without obesity (no obesity at all three measurements); (2) remitting obesity at 9 years (obesity at 4 and/or 6 years but not at 9 years); (3) incident or recurrent obesity at 9 years (obesity only at 9 years, at 4 and 9 years or at 6 and 9 years); and (4) stable or persistent with obesity (obesity at 4, 6 and 9 years). Dyslipidemia and dysglycemia were defined by the presence of at least one altered parameter of the lipid or glycemic profile. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using logistic regression. Compared with children without GO at all ages, those with persistent GO had an OR of 3.66 (95% CI: 2.06–6.51) for dyslipidemia, 10.61 (95% CI: 5.69–19.79) for dysglycemia and 8.35 (95% CI: 4.55–15.30) for high blood pressure. The associations were fairly similar in the case of AO, with ORs of 3.52 (95% CI: 1.96–6.34), 17.15 (95% CI: 9.09–32.34) and 8.22 (95% CI: 4.46–15.15), respectively, when comparing persistent versus stable without AO. Children with incident obesity at 9 years presented a moderate cardiometabolic risk that was nevertheless higher compared to those stable without obesity, whereas those with remitting obesity did not show any significant associations.Conclusion: Incident, and especially, persistent obesity, is associated with an increased cardiometabolic risk. The very early prevention of obesity, with a focus on nutrition, physical activity and sedentary behaviour, as well as tracking growth from birth to age 5, should be a priority to prevent the burden of cardiometabolic disease with consequences for adulthood. What is Known:• General and abdominal obesity has been shown to be associated with other cardiometabolic risk factors such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and hypertension.• Temporary changes in obesity and their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors have not been sufficiently explored in childhood. What is New:• Children with incident, and especially persistent, general and/or abdominal obesity, had an increased risk of dyslipidemia, dysglycemia and high blood pressure.•Remitting obesity was not associated with an increased cardiometabolic risk.

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Associations of early childhood body mass index trajectories with body composition and cardiometabolic markers at age 10 years: the Ethiopian infant anthropometry and body composition (iABC) birth cohort study

Megersa,

Andersen,

Abera

et al. 2024

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Body mass index trajectories in childhood and incidence rates of type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease in adulthood: A cohort study

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Life‐course trajectories of body mass index and cardiovascular disease risks and health outcomes in adulthood: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Life‐course trajectories of body mass index and cardiovascular disease risks and health outcomes in adulthood: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Changes in general and abdominal obesity in children at 4, 6 and 9 years of age and their association with other cardiometabolic risk factors

Associations of early childhood body mass index trajectories with body composition and cardiometabolic markers at age 10 years: the Ethiopian infant anthropometry and body composition (iABC) birth cohort study

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