Body mass index classification misses subjects with increased cardiometabolic risk factors related to elevated adiposity

Gómez-Ambrosi, Javier; Silva, C; Galofré, Juan Carlos; Escalada, Javier; Santos, Sérgio Ricardo; Millán, Diana; Vila, Neus; Ibáñez, Patricia Ibáñez; Gil, Marı́a J.; Valentí, Víctor; Rotellar, Fernando; Ramírez, Beatriz; Salvador, Javier; Frühbeck, Gema

doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.100

Cited by 456 publications

(331 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(69 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

286

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…14,16,17 The HSE includes a derived variable, mean WHR. Waist circumference was measured midway between the iliac crest and the costal margin twice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and Abnormal Blood Glucose Among Healthy Weight Adults

Mainous

Tanner

Anton

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…14,16,17 The HSE includes a derived variable, mean WHR. Waist circumference was measured midway between the iliac crest and the costal margin twice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and Abnormal Blood Glucose Among Healthy Weight Adults

Mainous

Tanner

Anton

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We observed that the associations of higher abdominal fat mass measures with cardiovascular risk factors were stronger among obese children. Another study among adults from 18 to 80 y old showed that subjects with body fat percentage within the obesity range had higher levels of cardiovascular risk factors (24). Therefore, also in school-age children, the associations of general and abdominal fat mass may differ between the BMI groups.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

BMI, total and abdominal fat distribution, and cardiovascular risk factors in school-age children

Gishti

Gaillard

Durmuş³

et al. 2015

Pediatr Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: More specific total body and abdominal fat mass measures might be stronger associated with cardiovascular risk factors in childhood, than BMI. We examined the independent associations of total and abdominal fat measures with cardiovascular risk factors in school age children. Methods:We performed a population-based cohort study among 6,523 children. At the age of 6 y, we measured childhood BMI, and general and abdominal fat mass, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and ultrasound and cardiovascular risk factors. results: Conditional on BMI, higher fat mass percentage and abdominal fat mass were associated with higher blood pressure, total-and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, insulin and c-peptide levels, but with lower left ventricular mass and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (P values < 0.05). These associations differed between underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese children. Higher childhood adiposity measures were associated with increased odds of cardiovascular risk factors clustering, with the strongest effect for fat mass percentage (odds ratios: 3.01 (95% confidence interval: 2.67, 3.9). conclusion: Our results suggest that general and abdominal fat measures are associated with cardiovascular risk factors in childhood, independent from BMI. These measures may provide additional information for identification of children with an adverse cardiovascular profile.c hildhood obesity is a major public health problem (1). It seems that not only overweight and obesity, but also higher body mass across the full range is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in childhood and adulthood (2-5). BMI does not distinguish lean mass from fat mass (6). Among adults and children, total body fat mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) seems to be, independent from BMI, associated with cardiovascular risk factors (3,7). Also, waist circumference, as proxy for abdominal fat mass, was independent of BMI related to the risk of mortality in adults, suggesting that central or abdominal adiposity is more strongly associated with adverse health outcomes (4,8). Abdominal fat mass is an accumulation of both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues. In adults, visceral adipose tissue accumulation is stronger related with an adverse glucose and lipid profile than subcutaneous adipose tissue accumulation (8). Thus far, population-based studies focused on the associations of different detailed total body and abdominal fat mass measures with cardiovascular risk factors in children show inconsistent results. Abdominal fat mass in children has been identified as a stronger predictor of cardiovascular risk factors, as compared to BMI, though results are not consistent (2,3,9). These inconsistent findings may be explained by different measures of fat mass and variation of children's age included in these studies.Therefore, we examined in a population-based cohort study among 6,523 school-age children, the independent associations of BMI and total ...

show abstract

“…Moreover, in Asian populations, BMI by WHO standards underestimates body fat content 8, 9, 10, 11. Several reports12, 13, 14 show that BMI correlates with metabolic risk factors, but there are exceptions 15, 16. Theoretically, a better indicator of body fat is a direct measure of % body fat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper body fat predicts metabolic syndrome similarly in men and women

Grundy

Williams

Vega

2018

Eur J Clin Investigation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe metabolic syndrome is a constellation of risk factors including dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, hypertension, a pro‐inflammatory state, and a prothrombotic state. All of these factors are accentuated by obesity. However, obesity can be defined by body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, or by body fat distribution. The latter consists of upper body fat (subcutaneous and visceral fat) and lower body fat (gluteofemoral fat). Waist circumference is a common surrogate marker for upper body fat.MethodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the years 1999‐2006 was examined for associations of metabolic risk factors with percent body fat, waist circumference, and BMI.ResultsAssociations between absolute measures of waist circumference and risk factors were similiar for men and women. The similarities of associations between waist circumference and risk factors suggests that greater visceral fat in men does not accentuate the influence of upper body fat on risk factors.ConclusionsDifferent waist concumference values should not be used to define abdominal obesity in men and women.

show abstract

Body mass index classification misses subjects with increased cardiometabolic risk factors related to elevated adiposity

Cited by 456 publications

References 57 publications

Physical Activity and Abnormal Blood Glucose Among Healthy Weight Adults

Physical Activity and Abnormal Blood Glucose Among Healthy Weight Adults

BMI, total and abdominal fat distribution, and cardiovascular risk factors in school-age children

Upper body fat predicts metabolic syndrome similarly in men and women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About