Body Mass Index, but Not Physical Activity, Is Associated with C-Reactive Protein

Rawson, Eric S.; Freedson, Patty S.; Osganian, Stavroula K.; Matthews, Charles E.; Reed, George W.; Ockene, Ira S.

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000074565.79230.ab

Cited by 118 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…At variance with most studies, of which two were on children [7,9], there was no association between physical activity and CRP levels. Other recent observational studies in adults could not demonstrate a significant independent association between physical activity and CRP [33,34]. The reason for these differences remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Relationships of physical activity with metabolic syndrome features and low-grade inflammation in adolescents

Platat

Wagner

Klumpp³

et al. 2006

Diabetologia

102

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Aims/hypothesis Physical activity has beneficial effects on symptoms of the metabolic syndrome and low-grade inflammation in adults. These associations have rarely been studied in adolescents. Moreover, it has not been established whether they depend on adiposity, fat localisation and adipokines. Subjects, materials and methods We used cross-sectional data of 640 12-year-old adolescents participating in the Intervention Centred on Adolescents' Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Study (ICAPS). Weight, height, body fat mass and WHR were measured. Metabolic syndrome components, two inflammatory markers (IL-6 and Creactive protein), plasma leptin, adiponectin and soluble TNF-α receptor 1 (sTNF-α R1) were determined. Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and energy expenditure due to organised leisuretime physical activity (PAE) assessed by questionnaire. Results The metabolic syndrome was present in 5.8% of the adolescents. After adjustment for sex, sexual maturity and socio-economic status, a beneficial relationship between PAE and all metabolic syndrome features was found, but only the associations with HOMA and IL-6 were independent of body fat mass and WHR. Adjusted means from the lowest to the highest tertile of PAE were 1.99, 1.80 and 1.78 for HOMA (p=0.04), and 0.88, 0.69 and 0.70 pg/ml for IL-6 (p=0.02). PAE was inversely associated with leptin, independently of body fat mass and WHR (p<10 −2 ), but not with adiponectin or sTNF-α R1. Further adjustment for adipokines did not change the relationships of PAE with HOMA and IL-6. Conclusions/interpretation In adolescents, physical activity is inversely related to HOMA and IL-6, independently of adiposity and fat localisation. These relationships are not accounted for by adipokines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Relationships of physical activity with metabolic syndrome features and low-grade inflammation in adolescents

Platat

Wagner

Klumpp³

et al. 2006

Diabetologia

102

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“…The effects in healthy men and women of BMI, CRP and physical activity were measured longitudinally over 1 year and retrospectively for physical activity the previous year, concluding that BMI, but not previous year or current physical activity, predicts CRP (60) . A univariate analysis of CRP levels in 2120 Finns showed that CRP was associated with obesity indices and physical activity among both sexes (61) .…”

Section: Middle-aged Younger Adults and Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity, exercise and low-grade systemic inflammation

et al. 2010

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Prospective studies have shown that chronic low-grade inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of the most common chronic diseases and in particular CVD. Obesity has repeatedly been associated with moderately raised levels of inflammation, and this observation has led to the view that obesity is characterised by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. There is now great interest in elucidating how physical activity and exercise modulate inflammation. This review summarises the current research addressing the influence of physical activity and exercise in mitigating the risks of obesity and diseases such as type-II diabetes and CVD, through its action on the low-grade inflammatory state. Most research on this topic hypothesised that the association between physical activity and inflammatory markers is independent of fatness, but very few studies have proven this. Given that physical activity and obesity are often inversely related, it is not clear as to whether the anti-inflammatory health benefits of a physically active lifestyle are due to exercise per se or result from favourable changes in the body composition.

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“…[17][18][19][20][21] However, it has been suggested that the beneficial effect of physical activity and CVF on low-grade inflammation might be mediated by body fat. [22][23][24] None of the above-mentioned studies have used objective measures of physical activity, such as accelerometry. Questionnairebased assessment of physical activity, which is the most common subjective method, is imprecise, especially in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of low-grade inflammation with physical activity, fitness and fatness in prepubertal children; the European Youth Heart Study

et al. 2007

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Objective: To examine the associations of low-grade inflammation with objectively measured physical activity, cardiovascular fitness (CVF) and fatness in prepubertal children. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: One hundred and forty-two children (74 boys and 68 girls) aged 9-10 years (pubertal stage I and II) from the Swedish part of the European Youth Heart Study. Measurements: Total physical activity and its intensity levels (moderate, vigorous, moderate þ vigorous) were measured by accelerometry. CVF was measured with a maximal ergometer bike test. Body fat was derived from the sum of five skinfold thicknesses. The measured low-grade inflammatory markers include C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, complement factors C3 and C4. Results: C-reactive protein and C3 were negatively associated with CVF (b ¼ À0.254 and À0.267, respectively, Po0.05) and positively associated with body fat (b ¼ 0.439 and 0.446, respectively, Po0.001), after controlling for sex, age and pubertal development. C-reactive protein and C3 were not significantly associated with CVF once body fat was in the model. Low-grade inflammation was not associated with physical activity, but physical activity was associated with CVF. Conclusions:The results showed that low-grade inflammatory markers were negatively associated with CVF and positively associated with body fat in prepubertal children. For most of the variables, the influence of fatness was slightly higher than the influence of CVF. The findings suggest that the potential beneficial effects of physical activity on low-grade inflammation may be explained by its association with CVF. Understanding the interplay between physical activity, CVF and fatness may be of importance to reducing cardiovascular disease risk in young people.

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Body Mass Index, but Not Physical Activity, Is Associated with C-Reactive Protein

Abstract: These data indicate that BMI, but not previous-year or current physical activity, predicts hs-CRP.

Cited by 118 publications

References 30 publications

Relationships of physical activity with metabolic syndrome features and low-grade inflammation in adolescents

Relationships of physical activity with metabolic syndrome features and low-grade inflammation in adolescents

Physical activity, exercise and low-grade systemic inflammation

Associations of low-grade inflammation with physical activity, fitness and fatness in prepubertal children; the European Youth Heart Study

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