Body mass index (BMI) trajectories and risk of colorectal cancer in the PLCO cohort

Zheng, Rui; Du, Mulong; Zhang, Baoguo; Xin, Junyi; Chu, Haiyan; Ni, Min; Zhang, Zhengdong; Gu, Dongying; Wang, Meilin

doi:10.1038/s41416-018-0121-y

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…On the other hand, cancers of the digestive system (colon, pancreas and liver), for which oestrogens can have protective effects, did not show prominent positive associations with weight gain in middle adulthood, despite clear positive associations with maintaining OW or OB BMI category. In agreement with our findings, published epidemiological studies have provided little evidence for positive associations of short‐term weight gain with colorectal cancer, 8,10,22,35 but an inverse association has been reported with intentional weight loss, 25 which we have observed for weight loss from OW to NW BMI category. Although mechanistic studies have shown that colonocyte proliferation increases with weight gain and decreases with weight loss, 36 it has also been suggested that weight gain in middle adulthood is less hazardous for colorectal cancer compared to weight gain during early adulthood 8,37 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Weight change in middle adulthood and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Christakoudi

Pagoni

Ferrari

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Obesity is a risk factor for several major cancers. Associations of weight change in middle adulthood with cancer risk, however, are less clear. We examined the association of change in weight and body mass index (BMI) category during middle adulthood with 42 cancers, using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Of 241 323 participants (31% men), 20% lost and 32% gained weight (>0.4 to 5.0 kg/year) during 6.9 years (average). During 8.0 years of follow‐up after the second weight assessment, 20 960 incident cancers were ascertained. Independent of baseline BMI, weight gain (per one kg/year increment) was positively associated with cancer of the corpus uteri (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.05‐1.23). Compared to stable weight (±0.4 kg/year), weight gain (>0.4 to 5.0 kg/year) was positively associated with cancers of the gallbladder and bile ducts (HR = 1.41; 1.01‐1.96), postmenopausal breast (HR = 1.08; 1.00‐1.16) and thyroid (HR = 1.40; 1.04‐1.90). Compared to maintaining normal weight, maintaining overweight or obese BMI (World Health Organisation categories) was positively associated with most obesity‐related cancers. Compared to maintaining the baseline BMI category, weight gain to a higher BMI category was positively associated with cancers of the postmenopausal breast (HR = 1.19; 1.06‐1.33), ovary (HR = 1.40; 1.04‐1.91), corpus uteri (HR = 1.42; 1.06‐1.91), kidney (HR = 1.80; 1.20‐2.68) and pancreas in men (HR = 1.81; 1.11‐2.95). Losing weight to a lower BMI category, however, was inversely associated with cancers of the corpus uteri (HR = 0.40; 0.23‐0.69) and colon (HR = 0.69; 0.52‐0.92). Our findings support avoiding weight gain and encouraging weight loss in middle adulthood.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Weight change in middle adulthood and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Christakoudi

Pagoni

Ferrari

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…The results of the present study and those of other studies, including the study by Zheng et al (20), showed that the body mass index of people with CRC before their illness was significantly higher than those who did not have cancer. This suggests that patients may have consumed too much high-fat and high-sugar foods and have not had much exercise or activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

The independent and combined effects of selected risk factors and Arg399Gln XRCC1 polymorphism in the risk of colorectal cancer among an Iranian population

Mehrzad¹,

Dayyani²,

Erfanian-Korasani³

2020

mjiri

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Some factors such as red meat, especially its processed varieties, inactivity, and low consumption of vegetables and fruits are effective in causing colorectal cancer. However, the impact of the genetic factor XRCC1 Arg399Gln is contradictory. →What this article adds:First, it was found that XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism is associated with colorectal cancer in Khorasan Razavi province. Second, the effects of this genetic factor and environmental factors on the development of this cancer are independent of each other.

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“…It is proven that obese individuals have higher risk of colorectal adenoma, advanced adenoma, and CRC. 2,15,16 However, it is not fully understood whether this is due to acceleration of adenoma formation only (i.e. acceleration of normal to adenoma sequence) or acceleration of the whole carcinogenesis and progression process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical stages of colorectal cancer diagnosed in obese and overweight individuals in the Polish Colonoscopy Screening Program

et al. 2019

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Background Obesity is a known risk factor of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, precise interconnections between excessive body fat and CRC are still vague. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether stage of CRC detected in overweight and obese individuals differs from individuals with normal body mass index (BMI). A secondary aim of this study was to elucidate whether overweight and obesity influence the overall survival in CRC. Methods This study was a cross-sectional analysis of 163,129 individuals who underwent screening colonoscopy performed on data from a prospectively maintained database of the Polish Colonoscopy Screening Program. Results Overweight and obese individuals present with a less advanced CRC in screening setting ( p = 0.014). This trend is the most pronounced in males ( p = 0.001). Univariable and multivariable analyses revealed that obesity was a negative predictor of detection of advanced CRC with odds ratio 0.72 (95% confidence interval 0.52–1.00; p = 0.047). Furthermore, overweight and obesity were not statistically significant predictors of risk of death ( p = 0.614 and p = 0.446, respectively). Conclusions Obese screenees present with a less advanced disease in comparison to non-obese. Moreover, survival stratified by clinical stage seems to not be influenced by BMI category. Therefore, a higher proportion of early diagnosed cancers can potentially create a survival benefit in this group.

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Body mass index (BMI) trajectories and risk of colorectal cancer in the PLCO cohort

Cited by 40 publications

References 15 publications

Weight change in middle adulthood and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Weight change in middle adulthood and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

The independent and combined effects of selected risk factors and Arg399Gln XRCC1 polymorphism in the risk of colorectal cancer among an Iranian population

Clinical stages of colorectal cancer diagnosed in obese and overweight individuals in the Polish Colonoscopy Screening Program

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