Body Mass Index and risk of frailty in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Amiri, Sohrab; Behnezhad, Sepideh; Hasani, Jafar

doi:10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100196

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Further analysis revealed that the subjects with BMI > 29 kg/m 2 had significantly higher likelihood of frailty and prefrailty compared to those who had BMI between 24 and 29 kg/m 2 (Table 4). This finding is in line with the previously published systematic review and meta-analysis among 16 studies which claimed that the obesity was associated with 43% higher risk of frailty [58].…”

Section: Bsd-t2supporting

confidence: 92%

Association of Baltic Sea and Mediterranean diets with frailty phenotype in older women, Kuopio OSTPRE-FPS study

et al. 2020

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Purpose To evaluate the association between Baltic Sea diet (BSD) and Mediterranean diet (MED) with frailty. Methods This was a secondary analysis on the osteoporosis risk factor and prevention–fracture prevention study on 440 women aged 65–72 years. Frailty was ascertained with the presence of 3–5 and prefrailty 1–2 of the following criteria: weight loss ≥ 5%, low life satisfaction score, walking speed ≤ 0.51 m/s, handgrip strength divided by body mass index ≤ 0.67 kg/m2 and physical activity ≤ 2 h/week. Women answered to questionnaires on lifestyle factors and 3-day food record. BSD score was ascertained using intake of nine and MED score of eight foods or nutrients components from food record. Multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for age, energy intake, smoking, living status, marital status and intervention group evaluated associations between MED and BSD with frailty phenotype status. Results At 3-year follow-up, 206 women (46.8%) were prefrail and 36 (8.2%) were frail. After adjusting for confounders, a tendency was found between BSD per standard deviation (SD)-unit increase and lower likelihood of frailty (β = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.38–1.01, P = 0.057). Further, MED per SD-unit increase was associated with lower likelihood of prefrailty (β = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.6–0.9, P = 0.009). Consumption of vegetables was lower in frail (31.5 ± 36.0 g/day) and prefrail women (37.1 ± 42.0 g/day) than in non-frail women (48.6 ± 40.7 g/day) (P for trend = 0.041). Conclusions Positive behavioral characteristics such as following MED and BSD may be associated with lower likelihood of prefrailty and frailty in older women. However, further longitudinal analyses are warranted.

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Section: Bsd-t2supporting

confidence: 92%

Association of Baltic Sea and Mediterranean diets with frailty phenotype in older women, Kuopio OSTPRE-FPS study

et al. 2020

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“…Our study showed that malnutrition was associated with a substantially increased prevalence of frailty in the total sample and in both gender groups. The relation between malnutrition and frailty was already clearly established in previous studies, and overweight and obesity often co-exist with frailty [ 21 , 22 , 27 , 28 , 63 , 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Although low BMI is known to be associated with frailty, obesity is also considered as risk a factor of frailty [ 24 ]. A meta-analysis showed that overweight individuals (BMI between 25–30 kg/m 2 ) exhibited an increased risk of frailty by 20%, whereas obese (BMI ≥ 30), have an increased frailty risk of 90% [ 21 ]. In the longitudinal Doetinchem Study, a BMI < 23 kg/m 2 and ≥30 kg/m 2 was associated with higher incidence of frailty [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well established that malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition, characterized by low mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) scores, increase the risk of frailty in older adults [ 19 , 20 ]. BMI was also associated with frailty in a U shape trend, with both low and high BMI being associated with higher incidence of frailty [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Furthermore, central obesity characterized by a high waist circumference (WC), has also been linked to frailty risk, and recent studies even reported that the association between BMI and frailty was in part mediated by waist to height ratio (WHTR) [ 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Patterns and Risk Factors of Frailty in Lebanese Older Adults

Yaghi

Abifadel

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Factors associated with frailty, particularly dietary patterns, are not fully understood in Mediterranean countries. This study aimed to investigate the association of data-driven dietary patterns with frailty prevalence in older Lebanese adults. We conducted a cross-sectional national study that included 352 participants above 60 years of age. Sociodemographic and health-related data were collected. Food frequency questionnaires were used to elaborate dietary patterns via the K-mean cluster analysis method. Frailty that accounted for 15% of the sample was twice as much in women (20%) than men (10%). Identified dietary patterns included a Westernized-type dietary pattern (WDP), a high intake/Mediterranean-type dietary pattern (HI-MEDDP), and a moderate intake/Mediterranean-type dietary pattern (MOD-MEDDP). In the multivariate analysis, age, waist to height ratio, polypharmacy, age-related conditions, and WDP were independently associated with frailty. In comparison to MOD-MEDDP, and after adjusting for covariates, adopting a WDP was strongly associated with a higher frailty prevalence in men (OR = 6.63, 95% (CI) (1.82–24.21) and in women (OR = 11.54, 95% (CI) (2.02–65.85). In conclusion, MOD-MEDDP was associated with the least prevalence of frailty, and WDP had the strongest association with frailty in this sample. In the Mediterranean sample, a diet far from the traditional one appears as the key deleterious determinant of frailty.

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“…This observation could be clarified by an increase in the size of the cohort. A high BMI in older persons was related to frailty and is a good predictor of mortality; however, some studies indicate a controversial association between BMI and frailty, showing a U-shaped curve [ 41 , 42 , 43 ]. This fact indicates that there exists a higher risk of frailty in both persons with a higher or lower BMI [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization by Gender of Frailty Syndrome in Elderly People according to Frail Trait Scale and Fried Frailty Phenotype

Palomo

Garcı́a

Albala

et al. 2022

JPM

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Background: Frailty has emerged as one of the main geriatric syndromes to be prevented in order to improve quality of health and life in the elderly. In this sense, the characterization of this syndrome through reliable and feasible diagnostic tools for clinical use, such as the Frail Trait Scale 5 (FTS-5) and Frail Trait Scale 3 (FTS-3), represents the basis for this objective. Objectives: To characterize the frailty syndrome in a population of older adults using FTS-5, FTS-3, and Fried phenotype (FP) as frailty diagnostic tools. Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: 300 adults ≥65 years recruited from different Family Health Centers and community groups of older people in Talca, Chile. Methods: The diagnosis of frailty was made according to FP, FTS-5, and FTS-3 tools. Data about sociodemographic characteristics and anthropometric measurements were collected by a clinical interview by a previously trained health professional. Results: A total prevalence of frailty according to the FP of 19.7% was observed; while in the group of women and men it was 21.4% and 15.0%, respectively. Concerning the FTS-5 tool, the total prevalence of frailty was 18%, while in the group of women and men was 18.0% and 17.5%, respectively. The FTS-3 tool shows a total prevalence of frailty of 23.3%, while in the group of women and men a prevalence of 22.7% and 25.0%, respectively. A significant difference is observed with respect to the presence of the Fried criteria of “weakness” (women: 21.4%, men: 38.8%) and “weight loss” (women: 16.8%, men: 7.5%; p < 0.05). A significant difference is observed concerning the average score of “Handgrip” criteria, “walking time”, and “Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly” (PASE) between the group of women and men. Frailty, diagnosed by FTS-3, is significantly associated with the risk factors of overweight (body mass index ≥ 25) (OR: 10.225, 95% CI: 1.297–80.617) and advanced age (age ≥ 75 years) (OR: 1.839, 95% CI: 1.040–3.250). Conclusion: The prevalence of frailty observed with the FTS-5 (18%) and FTS-3 (23.3%) tools are similar to the prevalence observed through the FP (19.7%) and those reported in other observational studies. Considering the similar prevalence of frailty diagnosed with the three tools, FTS-3 should be a valuable tool for the screening of frailty in the community.

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Body Mass Index and risk of frailty in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 91 publications

Association of Baltic Sea and Mediterranean diets with frailty phenotype in older women, Kuopio OSTPRE-FPS study

Association of Baltic Sea and Mediterranean diets with frailty phenotype in older women, Kuopio OSTPRE-FPS study

Dietary Patterns and Risk Factors of Frailty in Lebanese Older Adults

Characterization by Gender of Frailty Syndrome in Elderly People according to Frail Trait Scale and Fried Frailty Phenotype

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