Body image disturbance among males: The influence and the hypothesized mechanism of mass media

The Influence of Sports Participation on Body Image, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Esteem in College Students

“…In addition, the study also found that body image had a significant positive effect on self-esteem; the more positive the body image, the higher the level of self-esteem, which was consistent with Guo et al (2017) study. It has also confirmed that body image had a significant positive effect on self-esteem (Beatrix et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2016). In short, positive body image in college students can enhance self-esteem, and stable self-esteem can play an important role in promoting their participation in sports.…”

“…Body image refers to the image formed by the individual to one's own body, which is the objective cognition, and subjective assessment of one's own body characteristics. It is composed of appearance, body shape, physical strength, health, and other dimensions, and the degree of self-awareness will affect emotion and health behavior, such as weight control, personal social adaptation, psychological stress, self-development, and interpersonal relationship (Wang et al, 2017). In today's highly developed network media, people tend to focus on their own body shape and appearance but ignore health.…”

Research on the Influence of Media Internalized Pressure on College Students’ Sports Participation—Chained Intermediary Analysis of Social Physique Anxiety and Weight Control Self-Efficacy

“…As the “ideal body” advocated by the media has become a part of college students’ self-identification, the higher the self-identification with “ideal body,” the greater is the gap between their ideal ego and real ego, which will lead to an increase in body dissatisfaction and the act of changing their body shape to improve their body image ( Stice et al, 1996 ; Bessenoff, 2016 ). At the same time, some scholars also believe that media internalization of ideal body shape and media pressure will lead to a decrease in their body satisfaction ( Chen et al, 2010 ; Li et al, 2015 ; Wang et al, 2016 ; Ma et al, 2020 ), to bring all kinds of motivation to improve physical appearance (for example, diet control and exercise) to remove the negative body image ( Wei et al, 2012 ; Gillen, 2015 ; Andrew et al, 2016 ). In addition, body image has a positive correlation with sports participation.…”

“…This result is consistent with previous views. Social culture regards girl's "thin for beauty" as the value advocated by the media, which is easy to make girls internalize the ideal image of "Slim and Energetic, " thus causing media pressure and social physique anxiety (Wang et al, 2016;Liu and Wang, 2019;Xu and Gao, 2019), whereas boys pay more attention to masculinity, and they will consider increasing muscle content (Renée, 2003;Zhao et al, 2017). At the same time, boys are better than girls in physical fitness and motor skills, and boys' relative self-discipline weight control efficiency is better than girls, and their sports participation is also better than girls (Hou and Yang, 2017;Hu, 2017).…”

“…Mass media refers to newspapers, magazines, television, radio, movies, books, audio-visual products, and the Internet and other media to spread social and cultural information ( Wang et al, 2016 ). In recent years, with the rapid development of mass media, its functions and the service scope have also been greatly enhanced, especially the emerging social media platforms that are widely sought after by contemporary college students, playing an important role in their lives, as well as providing faster, vivid, and concise access to information ( Hu et al, 2021 ).…”