Body Image Changes in Pregnancy

Mcconnell, Owen L.; Daston, Paul G.

doi:10.1080/08853126.1961.10381065

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It was expected that the varied and complex body and psychological changes that occur during pregnancy would be reflected in the human figure drawings of women, as has been suggested by others (e. g., Davids & De Vault, 1960;McConnell & Daston, 1961). The present findings seem to indicate that with respect to the specific drawing features investigated in the drawings of the female figure, there are no major discernible variations in the renditions of women who are a t varying stages of their pregnancies or those who recently had delivered a child.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The body image of pregnant women as reflected in their human figure drawings

Tolor

DiGrazia

1977

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Drawings of female figures made by women in their first (N = 54), second (N= 51), and third (N = 56) trimesters of pregnancy and post-partum (N = 55) women were compared with each other and with a control (N = 76) group of gynecological patients. There were no major differences in the drawings of women during the three major stages of pregnancy or between the pregnant women and those who had delivered recently. However, the pregnant women differed significantly from the gynecological controls in that they made more nude drawings, emphasized the genitals, distorted the drawn figures, and made the drawings smaller in size. It was concluded that somatic and psychological changes associated with pregnancy are reflected in the human figure drawings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The body image of pregnant women as reflected in their human figure drawings

Tolor

DiGrazia

1977

J. Clin. Psychol.

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“…There is a relationship between the way a woman thinks about her body and her attitude toward pregnancy (McConnell & Daston, 1961) and attachment to the fetus (Haedt & Keel, 2007), and later to toddler attachment security (Ipsa, Sable, Porter, & Csizmadia, 2007). In general, women who accepted their pregnancies were little troubled by their altered state; they tended to accept their larger size.…”

Section: Body Change During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 95%

Acceptance of Pregnancy

Lederman

Weis

2009

Psychosocial Adaptation to Pregnancy

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“…Similarly, VOL XXX, NO. 2,1968 the majority of recent reports are also case studies using interviews, and lack controls of any kind. This lack may stem from the nature of the process itself.…”

Section: Pseudocyesismentioning

confidence: 97%

The Role of Emotional Factors in Obstetric Complications: A Review

McDonald¹

1968

Psychosomatic Medicine

124

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This paper explores the relationship between emotional factors and "psychogenic" obstetric complications (those involving no discernible physical cause) by reviewing the pertinent articles that have appeared during primarily the past 15 years. The literature provides no conclusive evidence of causal relationships between emotional factors and such complications. The most consistent findings were that women who subsequently experienced any of a variety of obstetric complications had higher anxiety levels and used fewer repressive-type defenses than women who experienced normal pregnancies and deliveries. These findings are discussed in terms of the presumed causal role of emotional factors in psychogenic obstetric complications. XHEGNANCY is widely recognized by obstetricians (and husbands) as an event precipitating profound changes. Foremost and extensive among these changes are normal physiological adaptations: the numerous hormonal 1 changes triggered in response to the increasing maintenance demands of the rapidly developing fetus. Psychological adaptations are also apparent. There is general agreement that even a normal pregnancy constitutes a period of transient ego vulnerability marked by at least minimal regressive changes. 2 " 9 At another level are the anticipated changes in the family unit-a shift from the primary husbandwife dyad to a more complex system of dyadic and triadic relationships. Harmony between these changes, particularly the psychological and physiological ones, is regarded as propitious-a sign of normal pregnancy.Growing evidence emphasizing the dismaying effectiveness of emotional factors in altering the outcome of and recovery from physical illness 10 has stimulated speculation that emotional factors may also adversely influence physiological changes during pregnancy. The recent increase of investigations focusing on the role of emotional factors in obstetric complications attests to a growing interest in possible causal relationships between emotional factors and obstetric complications. Preliminary reports have suggested emotional factors as a determinant in these complications, but due to the numerous complications, the diverse populations, and the heterogeneous methodology involved, definitive statements regarding the relationships are rendered difficult. A review of the current literature in this area, then, seems warranted, from a heuristic view-222

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Body Image Changes in Pregnancy

Cited by 39 publications

References 8 publications

The body image of pregnant women as reflected in their human figure drawings

The body image of pregnant women as reflected in their human figure drawings

Acceptance of Pregnancy

The Role of Emotional Factors in Obstetric Complications: A Review

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