Body Fat Mass, Leptin and Puberty

Kieß, Wieland; Müller, German; Galler, Angela; Reich, Andrea; Deutscher, J; Klammt, J; Kratzsch, Jürgen

doi:10.1515/jpem.2000.13.s1.717

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…21 Furthermore, leptin seems to play a significant role in the initiation and progression of puberty. 26 We calculated leptin SDS, adjusted for gender, BMI, and Tanner stage according to reference data (Fig 1). 22 The total sample of our children, as well as both subgroups of good and poor eaters, revealed moderately raised serum leptin concentrations that were not significantly different between the subgroups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children With Idiopathic Short Stature Are Poor Eaters and Have Decreased Body Mass Index

Wudy¹,

Hagemann²,

Dempfle

et al. 2005

Pediatrics

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ABSTRACT.Objective. In children with idiopathic short stature (ISS), studies investigating body mass index (BMI) or parameters of satiety regulation are scarce, and studies analyzing eating behavior are lacking.Methods. We recruited 214 children (123 index cases and 91 siblings) with ISS from 123 families. Affected children had to have a body height <5th percentile, or, in the case of siblings, the body height of 1 child had to be <5th percentile and the other <15th percentile. Medical histories were recorded by using structured and standardized interviews. Eating behavior was assessed by using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Percent energy intake as fat was assessed by using the Leeds Food Frequency Questionnaire. Endocrine markers of body weight regulation (leptin, ghrelin) were determined in serum.Results. Compared with population norms, BMI was significantly lower (mean: ؊0.33 standard deviation score). Furthermore, there was decreased food responsiveness (mean Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire score: 1.9; population mean: 2.4), reduced enjoyment of food (3.2 vs 3.9), emotional undereating (2.6 vs 3.0), lower desire to drink (2.0 vs 2.8), and increased fussiness over food (3.2 vs 2.9). When the sample was subdivided into the 2 groups of "good" and "poor" eaters according to the mothers' assessment of the current eating behavior, reduction in BMI as well as the behavioral characteristics already delineated in the total sample were found to be even more consistent in the subgroup of poor eaters. In the total sample of our children, as well as in both subgroups, serum leptin (adjusted for gender, BMI, and Tanner stage) was found to be moderately raised but did not differ between poor and good eaters. Total serum ghrelin was not different between poor and good eaters. ABBREVIATIONS. CDGP, constitutional delay of growth and puberty; FSS, familial short stature; ISS, idiopathic short stature; IGF-I, insulin-like growth factor I; IGFBP-3, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3; CEBQ, Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire; SDS, standard deviation score; LFFQ, Leeds Food Frequency Questionnaire. S hort stature is the most common cause for referrals to pediatric endocrinologists. Many of these patients have no identifiable medical abnormality and are classified with diagnoses such as constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP), familial short stature (FSS), or idiopathic short stature (ISS). For most of these patients, the etiology of their short stature is currently unknown, although it is believed that genetic variations are the underlying cause. 1,2 In young children, CDGP is typically defined by short stature (height below the third ageand gender-specific percentile), bone-age retardation of at least 1 year, and a positive family history of delayed growth and pubertal development; however, in a strict sense, the diagnosis cannot be made before the time of puberty, when a delay in sexual maturation becomes evident. Patients with FSS reveal a family history of short stature, whereas osseous deve...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children With Idiopathic Short Stature Are Poor Eaters and Have Decreased Body Mass Index

Wudy¹,

Hagemann²,

Dempfle

et al. 2005

Pediatrics

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“…Glucocorticoids and stress can exert either inhibitory or facilitatory effects on reproduction, through inhibition or stimulation of gonadotropin secretion (Brann et al, 1991), the final outcome depending on the length of stress exposure and the milieu of gonadal steroids. Normal reproductive function is intimately related to food intake, diet composition and adiposity, both in animals and humans (Cheung et al, 2000;Frisch et al, 1975;Kiess et al, 2000). The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin acts as a metabolic signal that under low energy reserves can inhibit the activity of neuroendocrine reproductive axis in both sexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Neuroendocrine Alterations in Female Rats Following a Diet Moderately Enriched in Fat

Soulis¹,

Kitraki²,

Gerozissis

2005

Cell Mol Neurobiol

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1. High-fat diets disrupt metabolic equilibrium and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function and may lead to the development of metabolic and endocrine dysfunctions. The early neuroendocrine responses elicited by a combination of short-term metabolic and emotional stressors is not fully elucidated. 2. The purpose of the present study was to determine the impact on female rats, of a short-term enriched in fat diet, combined with an acute stressor. 3. Adult female Wistar rats were fed a fat diet for 7 days and subsequently exposed to 5 min swimming stress. Plasma leptin, insulin, glucose, luteinizing hormone (LH) and corticosterone, along with brain corticosteroid receptors' mRNAs were measured at 1 h post stress. 4. Diet, compared to chow, reduced food intake and body weight gain, increased leptin and LH, and decreased glucose in the periphery. The diet increased plasma corticosterone and reduced GR mRNA in the hippocampus, similarly to swim stress. 5. The diet significantly modified the animals' response to the subsequent swim stress, by blocking further corticosterone rise and GR mRNA reduction. In addition, exposure of diet-fed rats to stress, altered their endocrine response, in terms of leptin and LH. 6. These observations suggest that even short, moderately unbalanced diets can affect peripheral and central components of energy balance, reproduction and stress response.

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“…Leptin signaling appears to be more important in the onset of puberty in the female, since more energy consumption is required for the reproductive functions in the female. It informs the brain about whether there are sufficient energy stores to initiate reproductive functions (38). Increases in serum leptin levels have been observed around the beginning of the menarche (39) or the estrous cycle (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin regulation of pubertal maturation in intact and pinealectomized female rats

Kacar¹,

Dinc²,

Yılmaz³

et al. 2013

Turk J Med Sci

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Histological changes in bone structure were induced at 12 weeks by experimental administration of bisphosphonates, which have been associated with osteonecrosis of the jaws. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of local administration of bisphosphonate on bone formation in rats. Surgically created bone defects were evaluated at 12 weeks by histological examination after bisphosphonate administration. Fifteen Wistar rats that underwent surgery to create a bone defect at the right femur were divided in 3 groups: 2 experimental groups and a control group. The 1st experimental group received bisphosphonate as a single 1-mL dose into the bone defect, the 2nd experimental group received 1 mL of bisphosphonate as a 10-day fractionated dose, and the control group comprised rats who did not receive any bisphosphonate. At 12 weeks after the injection, new bone tissue was collected and a histological examination was performed. At 12 weeks after the bisphosphonate administration, bone repair processes were found in both the experimental and control groups. The bone continuity in the intervention area was ensured by a continuous layer of bone tissue. Compared with the control, the repair processes were significantly more advanced in the experimental groups, the layer of bone tissue covering the bone defect being thicker and more consolidated and the trabeculae from the Haversian canal being thicker and denser. External and internal consolidation structures were present in animals from all of the groups. Bisphosphonate had a positive influence on bone formation. The stimulatory effect of the bisphosphonate increased with the number of administered doses.

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Body Fat Mass, Leptin and Puberty

Cited by 39 publications

References 26 publications

Children With Idiopathic Short Stature Are Poor Eaters and Have Decreased Body Mass Index

Children With Idiopathic Short Stature Are Poor Eaters and Have Decreased Body Mass Index

Early Neuroendocrine Alterations in Female Rats Following a Diet Moderately Enriched in Fat

Leptin regulation of pubertal maturation in intact and pinealectomized female rats

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