Body Fat in Adult Man

Keys, Ancel; Brožek, Josef

doi:10.1152/physrev.1953.33.3.245

Cited by 786 publications

(213 citation statements)

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“…Percentage of body fat was calculated according to the equations of Keys and Brozek [18] to estimate fat-free mass at times P and E. At time L, body fat was calculated according to the equations of Catalano et al [1], adjusting the decreased density of fat-free mass because of the increased total body water in late pregnancy. In addition, skinfold thickness measurements were obtained at seven sites: triceps, biceps, subscapular, subcostal, suprailiac, mid-and lower thigh, with a Harpenden skinfold calliper (British Indicators, Sussex, UK).…”

Section: Anthropometric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiponectin in human pregnancy: implications for regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

et al. 2006

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Aims/hypothesis: Adiponectin is upregulated during adipogenesis and downregulated in insulin-resistant states. The mechanism(s) governing the re-arrangements from adipogenesis to facilitated lipolysis during pregnancy are unknown. Our purpose was to analyse the role of adiponectin relative to the metabolic changes in human pregnancy. Subjects, materials and methods: Lean women (BMI <25 kg/m²) were evaluated longitudinally before conception, and in early (12-14 weeks) and late (34-36 weeks) pregnancy. Insulin sensitivity was measured using the glucose clamp technique. Venous blood and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were obtained at each time point. Results: Adiponectin concentrations were lower in the third trimester than in the pregravid condition (9.9±1.4 vs 13.5±1.8 μg/ml). The hypoadiponectinaemia was reflected by a 2.5-fold decrease in white adipose tissue adiponectin mRNA. These changes were associated with a 25% increase in fat mass (23.7±2.9 vs 18.9±2.9 kg). Insulin infusion decreased high molecular weight adiponectin complexes in pregravid women (9.9±0.6 vs 6.2±0.06) and the suppressive effect of insulin was lost during pregnancy. The pregnancy-mediated changes in adiponectin were strongly correlated with basal insulin levels and insulin sensitivity (p<0.0001). The relationship between adiponectin and insulin sensitivity was related to the decreased insulin regulation of glucose utilisation (r=0.55, p<0.001) but not of endogenous hepatic glucose production. Conclusions/interpretation: These data demonstrate that pregnancy is associated with adiponectin changes in lean women. Hypoadiponectinaemia is reflected by a lower amount of high molecular weight adiponectin and by the ratio of high to low molecular weight multimers. The adiponectin changes relate to decreased insulin sensitivity of glucose disposal rather than alterations of lipid metabolism.

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Section: Anthropometric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiponectin in human pregnancy: implications for regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

et al. 2006

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“…Since thiocyanate is reported to over estimate the extracellular fluid, the factor .7, which was recommended by Keys and Brozek (10), was used to convert the thiocyanate space to extracellular space; the mean extracel lular fluid was then 18.3% of body weight with a range from 13.7 to 22.7% of body weight. This value is slightly lower than the values of 22 to 25% of body weight reported for men (10,69,76,77,82,96,164) but slightly higher than the mean value of 14.9% of body weight with a range from 9.8 to Table 7.…”

Section: Body Densitycontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…Keys and Brozek (10) reported that obesity tissue con tained 62% fat, 31% water, and 7% protein; this relationship could be expressed as:…”

Section: Prediction Of Body Fat From Total Body Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basic to Equation 5 is the assumption that a normally hydrated body has 16% extracellular water, and that the extracellular space is estimated from thiocyanate space with thiocyanate space equal to the extracellular fluid divided by .7. Keys and Brozek (10) considered that the inulin space was more nearly correct for true extracellular space than thiocyanate space.…”

Section: Body Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body composition of women

Prather

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“…Also, Sheldon's method modified by Heath-Carter [17] was applied to assess somatotypes, while and Keys and Brozek equation [18] was used to assess fat mass [%] by calculating body density according to Piechaczek's formula [19].…”

Section: Wynikimentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of somatic build and physical activity and evaluation of hand grip strength in patients with type 1 diabetes

Kuźmicka¹,

Kuźmicki²,

Kaczmarczyk³

et al. 2016

Advances in Rehabilitation

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Education in Warsaw StreszczenieWstęp: Osoby z cukrzycą typu 1. w obawie przed hipoglikemią ograniczają aktywność fizyczną czego konsekwencją mogą być zmiany w budowie somatycznej i poziomie siły mięśniowej. Celem pracy była charakterystyka budowy somatycznej, siły ścisku ręki i aktywności fizycznej chorych na cukrzycę typu 1.Materiał i metody: Materiał badany stanowiły 24 osoby ze zdiagnozowaną cukrzycą typu 1. i 24 osoby zdrowe. Do oceny budowy ciała wykorzystano 20 cech i wskaźników somatycznych. Typy somatyczne oceniono wykorzystując metodę Sheldona w modyfikacji Heath -Carter. Siłę ścisku ręki zmierzono za pomocą dynamometru ręcznego, a aktywność fizyczną oceniono za pomocą ankiety.Wyniki: Uzyskane wyniki kobiet wskazują na niewielkie różnice międzygrupowe badanych cech. W typach somatycznych kobiet dominującym komponentem była endomorfia. Mężczyźni chorujący na cukrzycę typu 1. w stosunku do zdrowych uzyskali niższe wartości obwodu ramienia w napięciu, obwodu uda, szerokości kostki i mezomorfii oraz siły ścisku ręki (p < 0,05). Chorzy preferują jazdę na rowerze, a osoby zdrowe sztuki walki.Wnioski: Różnice w budowie somatycznej, sile ścisku ręki i aktywności fizycznej pomiędzy osobami zdrowymi i chorującymi na cukrzycę typu 1. są większe między mężczyznami niż kobietami. Chorujący mężczyźni w stosunku do zdrowych posiadają niższe wartości cech somatycznych opisujących masywność budowy ciała i siłę mię-śniową. Zarówno kobiety jak i mężczyźni chorujący na cukrzycą typu 1. preferują wysiłki o niskiej intensywności i tlenowej specyfice. Słowa kluczowe:cukrzyca typu 1., budowa ciała, aktywność ruchowa AbstractIntroduction: In order to avoid hypoglycaemia, individuals diagnosed with type 1 diabetes usually limit their physical activity, which might lead to changes in somatic build and in the level of muscle strength. The aim of the study was to define somatic build,

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Body Fat in Adult Man

Cited by 786 publications

References 0 publications

Adiponectin in human pregnancy: implications for regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

Adiponectin in human pregnancy: implications for regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

Body composition of women

Characteristics of somatic build and physical activity and evaluation of hand grip strength in patients with type 1 diabetes

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