Body fat evolution as predictor of retinal microvasculature in children

Aart, Carola J. C. Van; Michels, Nathalie; Sioen, Isabelle; Decker, Annelies De; Nawrot, Tim S.; Henauw, Stefaan De

doi:10.1038/ijo.2016.226

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…from 30 weeks of gestation to 18 years. We found 23 studies reporting on measures of weight status (88%) as exposure, 23,28,38,39,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75] while measures of PA were present in six studies (23%) 41,64-67, 73 and SB was assessed in three studies (12%) 28,41,73 ; four studies (15%) reported measures of weight status and PA/SB. 28,64,65,73 Adiposity assessments included birthweight (n = 5), BMI (n = 11), OCT device, non-mydriatic vessel analyzer and a spectralis OCT device (4% each).…”

Section: Ta B L E 1 (Continued)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The exposures were birthweight, 63 BMI 60,74,75 and WC. 75 No associations were found between WC z-scores and retinal arterioles, venules and AVR. 75 We found two studies using a clustered randomised controlled trial design in which exposures included weight 64 and PA. 64,66 No differences between intervention and control groups were found for weight and retinal parameters at the end of the intervention, whereas for PA results showed improvements in vascular parameters.…”

Section: Longitudinal Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exposures were birthweight, 63 BMI 60,74,75 and WC. 75 Compared with normal birthweight children, children with a low birthweight had narrower arterioles at follow-up; however, no associations were found with retinal venules. 63 None of the included studies found an association between BMI and retinal arterioles.…”

Section: Longitudinal Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…60 No associations were found between WC z-scores and retinal arterioles, venules and AVR. 75 We found two studies using a clustered randomised controlled trial design in which exposures included weight 64 and PA. 64,66 No differences between intervention and control groups were found for weight and retinal parameters at the end of the intervention, whereas for PA results showed improvements in vascular parameters. After an 18-month intervention, results showed that increasing levels of PA lead to narrower venules and a higher AVR, that is 83% of children in the intervention group showed improvements in AVR compared with 50% of children in the control group, whereas a venular widening was observed in 43% of children in the intervention group compared with58% of children in the control group.…”

Section: Longitudinal Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abbreviations: AVR, arteriolar-to-venular ratio; BIA, bioelectrical impedance analysis; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CI, confidence interval; CRAE, central retinal arteriolar equivalent; CRVE, central retinal venular equivalent; DXA, Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; EG, exercise group; FM, fat mass; FMI, fat mass index; PA, physical activity; PI, ponderal index; SB, sedentary behaviour; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; SES, socio-economic status; TFP, trunk fat percentage; TSFT, triceps skinfold thickness; TV, television; WC, waist circumference.TA B L E 1 (Continued)from 30 weeks of gestation to 18 years. We found 23 studies reporting on measures of weight status (88%) as exposure,23,28,38,39,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75] while measures of PA were present in six studies (23%)41,[64][65][66][67]73 and SB was assessed in three studies (12%)28,41,73 ; four studies (15%) reported measures of weight status and PA/SB 28,64,65,73. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review on retinal microvasculature, physical activity, sedentary behaviour and adiposity in children and adolescents

et al. 2020

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Aim As retinal microvasculature (RMV) can be assessed non‐invasively, it presents an opportunity to examine the health and disease of the human microcirculation, as RMV alterations have been recognised as one of the earliest signs of cardiovascular risk. This review summarises current literature on the associations between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and/or adiposity and RMV in children and adolescents aged 0‐18 years. Methods Six databases were searched (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO and CINAHL), through to December 11, 2019. English, Portuguese, French, Spanish or Dutch were the languages searched. Meta‐analyses were performed using the meta‐analyst software. Results A total of 6796 studies were screened, and 26 studies were included, representing 24 448 participants, from 12 different countries. Studies reporting results on weight status were twenty‐three, PA was assessed in six studies, and SB was assessed in three studies. Four studies examined weight status and PA/SB. Meta‐analysis was performed for two studies and showed that children with obesity have smaller retinal arterioles (−2.38 µm difference, 95% CI 0.62, 4.15 µm) and larger retinal venules (2.74 µm difference, 95% CI −4.78, −0.72 µm) than children without obesity. Conclusion Results showed that adiposity was associated with microvascular alterations in children and adolescents. Increased adiposity, lack of PA and high levels of SB were negatively correlated with vessel width parameters.

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