Body fat distribution is associated with lumbar spine bone density independently of body weight in postmenopausal women

Saarelainen, J.; Honkanen, Risto; Kröger, Heikki; Tuppurainen, Marjo; Jurvelin, Jukka S.; Niskanen, Leo

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.02.009

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…At present, despite the increasing amount of literature data Rancho Bernardo Study, after adjusting for BMI, the presence of metabolic syndrome was associated with lower BMD and an higher incidence of osteoporotic non vertebral fractures (45). Moreover, another study carried out on a Scandinavian population has yielded opposite findings reporting a protective effect of abdominal fat on BMD (46). In a recent study we have reported that in men android fat is positively associated with BMD at different skeletal sites, whereas in women BMD at the same skeletal sites is negatively associated with gynoid fat (17).…”

Section: Relationships Of Bmi and Body Fat With Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Obesity and fracture risk

Gonnelli

Caffarelli

Nuti

2014

ccmbm

113

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SummaryObesity and osteoporosis are two common diseases with an increasing prevalence and a high impact on morbidity and mortality. Obese women have always been considered protected against osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. However, several recent studies have challenged the widespread belief that obesity is protective against fracture and have suggested that obesity is a risk factor for certain fractures. Fat and bone are linked by many pathways, which ultimately serve the function of providing a skeleton appropriate to the mass of adipose tissue it is carrying. Leptin, adiponectin, adipocytic estrogens and insulin/amylin are involved in this connection. However, excessive body fat, and particularly abdominal fat, produces inflammatory cytokines which may stimulate bone resorption and reduce bone strength. This review aimed to examine the literature data on the relationships of BMI and fat mass with factures in adult and elderly subjects. Even though the more recent studies have shown conflicting results, there is growing evidence that obesity, and particularly severe obesity, may be related to an increased risk of fracture at different skeletal sites which is partially independent from BMD. Moreover, the relationship between obesity and fracture appears to be markedly influenced by ethnicity, gender and fat distribution. Even though the incidence and the pathogenesis of fracture in obese individuals has not yet been clearly defined, the growing evidence that obesity may be related to an increased risk of fracture has important public health implications and emphasizes the need to develop effective strategies to reduce fracture risk in obese subjects.

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Section: Relationships Of Bmi and Body Fat With Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Obesity and fracture risk

Gonnelli

Caffarelli

Nuti

2014

ccmbm

113

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“…Previous studies regarded these components as a whole mass without acknowledging the dynamic subdivision into the body composition components (2347151617). However, the dynamic muscle components of the spine have specialized roles in segmental stabilization and primary spine movement even though trunk muscles work together in a coordinated fashion for optimal trunk stability and function (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher trunk fat mass was positively associated with the spinal BMD (16), and fat mass was the significant determinant of BMD at the lumbar spine and proximal femur (15). However, other previous studies reported that increased central body fat had a negative association with BMD (26) such that waist body fat distribution was a risk factor for osteoporosis (27), and fat mass was the most significant determinant of decreased bone mineral density at the lumbar spine (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Trunk Body Composition and Spinal Bone Mineral Density in Korean Males versus Females: a Farmers' Cohort for Agricultural Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (FARM) Study

et al. 2016

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The purpose of this study was proposed to identify the association of trunk body composition with spinal bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean male and female farmers. A total of 523 Korean farmers (259 males, 44 premenopausal females, and 220 postmenopausal females) were recruited. Computed tomography scans were acquired at the mid-L4 vertebral level, and total trunk muscle mass (TMM, cm3), back muscle mass (BMM), and abdominal wall muscle mass (AMM), total trunk fat mass (TFM), visceral fat mass (VFM), and subcutaneous fat mass (SFM) were assessed. Spinal BMD (g/cm2) was estimated from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the L4 level. In terms of muscle mass, spinal BMD was significantly correlated with all the components of the trunk muscle mass (r = 0.171-0.360; P < 0.05, P < 0.001) in female farmers, while only with AMM (r = 0.181; P < 0.01) in male farmers. In terms of fat mass, spinal BMD was significantly correlated with all components of the trunk fat mass (r = 0.142-0.424; P < 0.05, P < 0.001) in male and premenopausal female farmers, while only with VFM (r = 0.132; P < 0.05) in postmenopausal females. Adjusted multivariate regression analysis showed that AMM in male and post-menopausal female farmers was closely associated with spinal BMD. There may be positive associations between trunk muscle and fat mass and spinal BMD with sexual dimorphism, and abdominal wall muscle mass was an explanatory variable closely related to spinal BMD in Korean farmers. Registered at the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS, http://cris.nih.go.kr), number KCT0000829.

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“…Previous studies reported that FM is related to the BMD of the lumbar spine and proximal femur [18,19]. Besides, other studies showed that BMR is more closely related to BMD than FFM, FM, and BMI [15,20,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Moreover, Saarelainen and his colleagues reported that trunk FM is positively related to lumbar spine BMD, but not to the hip BMD and body weight in postmenopausal women [19]. Kirchengast and his colleagues found out that the relationship between FM and BMD only occurred in elder women [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Osteoporosis with Body Compositions in Postmenopausal Women: A Noninvasive Method

Hsu

Fan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The prevalence of osteoporosis is rising steadily as the aging population increases. Bone mineral density (BMD) assessment is an established test for osteoporosis. However, the accessibility and radiation exposure limited its role in community screening. A more convenient approach for screening is suggested.Methods: A total of 363 postmenopausal women over 50 age were included in this study and assessed with the body composition [including fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), and basal metabolic rate (BMR)] and BMD. Normal distributions and correlation coefficients among variables were calculated using the Shapiro-Wilk test and Pearson’s correlation analysis, respectively. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted and area under the ROC curves (AUC) was determined the optimal cut-off values of the body composition variables for osteoporosis prediction.Results: The correlation coefficient of FFM, FM, FM ratio and BMR with femur neck T-score were 0.373, 0.266, 0.165, and 0.369, respectively while with spine T-score were 0.350, 0.251, 0.166, and 0.352, respectively (p < 0.01 for all). FFM, FM, and BMR showed an optimal the cut-off value of 37.9 kg, 18.6 kg and 1187.5 kcal for detecting osteoporosis.Conclusions: The present study provided a model to predict osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and the optimal cut-off value of FFM, FM, and BMR could be calculated. Among these factors, BMR seemed a better predictor than others. The BMR could be a target for exercise intervention in postmenopausal women for maintaining or improving BMD.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02936336. Registered 13 October 2016 -Retrospectively registered

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Body fat distribution is associated with lumbar spine bone density independently of body weight in postmenopausal women

Cited by 23 publications

References 62 publications

Obesity and fracture risk

Obesity and fracture risk

The Association between Trunk Body Composition and Spinal Bone Mineral Density in Korean Males versus Females: a Farmers' Cohort for Agricultural Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (FARM) Study

Predicting Osteoporosis with Body Compositions in Postmenopausal Women: A Noninvasive Method

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