Body fat deposition in adult obese women. II Changes in fat distribution accompanying weight reduction.

Wadden, Thomas A.; Stunkard, Albert J.; Johnston, Francis E.; Wang, J; Pierson, Richard N.; Itallie, Theodore B. Van; Costello, E. Jane; Peña, Manuel

doi:10.1093/ajcn/47.2.229

Cited by 52 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…However, the greater change occurred in the deep adipose tissue, particularly the preperitoneal fat layer. Similar to the authors of previous studies, 3,32 we found that weight loss caused only a small decrease in the WHR because of simultaneous decreases in waist and hip circumferences. Accordingly, the WHR was not useful for quantifying the intra-abdominal fat loss.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Sonographic assessment of changes in thickness of different abdominal fat layers in response to diet in obese women

Sabir

Pakdemirli

Sermez

et al. 2002

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Sonographic assessment of changes in thickness of different abdominal fat layers in response to diet in obese women

Sabir

Pakdemirli

Sermez

et al. 2002

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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“…44 However, we found no evidence that the weight changes exhibited over the 3 years of the study were related to changes in WHR, despite the fact that the women had gained 5 lb on average and 24 of the 108 women had gained 10 lb or more. In contrast, we found that there were significant increases in both the waist and hip circumferences considered separately and that the changes in these circumference measures were related to weight 46 for example, studied 68 female participants in a weight control program after a weight loss of 12.3 kg. These women showed decreases in WHR, from 0.827 to 0.817.…”

Section: Change In Waist To Hip Ratio From Baseline To Final Follow-upmentioning

confidence: 81%

Waist to hip ratio in middle-aged women. Associations with behavioral and psychosocial factors and with changes in cardiovascular risk factors.

Wing

Matthews

Kuller

et al. 1991

Arterioscler Thromb

188

100

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Waist to hip ratio (WHR) was measured in 487 middle-aged women participating in the Healthy Women Study. Upper body fat distribution was found to be associated with numerous behaviors that affect cardiovascular risk, including smoking, low exercise levels, weight gain during adulthood, and higher caloric intake. Moreover, WHR was also associated with higher levels of anger, anxiety, and depression and lower levels of perceived social support. Women with upper body fat obesity had higher systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein B and lower levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and the HDL subfractions 2 and 3. These associations remained significant after adjusting for body mass index. Among 108 women who had repeat measurements of WHR, changes in WHR over a 3-year period were significantly correlated with changes in activity and with decreases in HDL,. Thus, WHR appears to be an integral component of the cardiovascular risk profile. WHR is related to those behaviors and psychosocial attributes that influence cardiovascular risk. (Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis 1991;ll:1250-1257) R ecent studies suggest that the distribution of body fat may be a stronger predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) than the total amount of body fat. "4 For example, in the Paris Prospective study, men who had an upper body fat distribution were at increased risk for CHD, independent of body mass index (BMI).1 Similarly, in a prospective study conducted in Sweden 2 -3 the waist to hip ratio (WHR) was found to be positively associated with the incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death from all causes in both men and women, after adjusting for BMI.The effect of upper body fat distribution on atherosclerotic disease may be mediated by the effect on cardiovascular risk factors. WHR has been associated with increased blood pressure, hypothesized that the same may be true for humans and that those individuals who experience a great deal of stress or who have difficulty coping with stress may experience higher cortisol levels and consequently may deposit more body fat in the abdominal area. The purpose of the present article is to examine the behavioral and psychosocial correlates of WHR in a population-based sample of middle-aged women who were participating in the Healthy Women Study. In addition, we assessed the relation between WHR and cardiovascular risk factors in these women. Moreover, 108 of these women also had measures of WHR completed 3 years previously. Consequently, we could determine the relation between changes in behavior and changes in WHR and the association

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“…There is some evidence that weight change may alter WHR (Bjorntorp, 1985b;King and Katch, 1986;Himes, 1988;Tremblay et al, 1988;Wadden et al, 1988;Shimokata et al, 1989); consequently, estimates of risk based on WHRs in cross-sectional data must be validated in future rospective studies in American Indians.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The few available studies examinin BFD chan es with weight loss achieve cise, or both indicate that modification of BFD is possible (King and Katch, 1986;Tremblay et al, 1988). Additionally, there is some evidence that central fat deposits are particularly sensitive to weight loss, so that a more health BFD profile may result from nal (Bjorntor ,1985b;Himes, 1988;Wadden et al, 1988;{himokata et al, 1989). Amon Do ib Indians central BFD is associate probabl reflect dietary and activity patterns (izathmary and Holt, 1983;Szathmary et al, 1987).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of body fat distribution to non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus in a Navajo community

Hall

Hickey

Young

1991

American J Hum Biol

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The relationship between non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and body fat distribution (BFD) as measured by waist/hip circumference (WHR) was investigated in a Navajo community. A sample of 136 females and 89 males, 20 years and older, was recruited using a cluster-sampling design. Fifty percent of the females and 30.3% of the males are overweight [body mass index (BMI) equivalent of >120% ideal body weight]. Prevalence of NIDDM is 14% in females and 10.1% in males. The sample is characterized by central BFD (mean WHR=0.897±0.075, females and mean WHR=0.963±0.071, males). WHR is significantly related to age and BMI in males (P < 0.05), but not in females. Adjusted odds ratios for risk of NIDDM prevalence with increasing WHR category were estimated from a multiple logistic regression model which controlled for age and BMI. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) is 2.19 (1.14, 4.19) for risk of NIDDM prevalence for a female in the middle BFD category compared to a female in the low BFD category. Risk increases to 3.63 (95% CI=1.25, 10.52) for a female in the highest BFD category. Although there is an increased risk of NIDDM prevalence with central BFD for males, it is not statistically significant. Preferential energy storage in abdominal fat depots may be a phenotypic expression of the "Thrifty Genotype," which places American Indians at greater risk for metabolic disorders.

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Body fat deposition in adult obese women. II Changes in fat distribution accompanying weight reduction.

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Sonographic assessment of changes in thickness of different abdominal fat layers in response to diet in obese women

Sonographic assessment of changes in thickness of different abdominal fat layers in response to diet in obese women

Waist to hip ratio in middle-aged women. Associations with behavioral and psychosocial factors and with changes in cardiovascular risk factors.

The relationship of body fat distribution to non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus in a Navajo community

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