Body Fat at Birth and Cord Blood Levels of Insulin, Adiponectin, Leptin, and Insulin-like Growth Factor-I in Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants

Martínez-Cordero, Claudia; Amador-Licona, Norma; Guízar-Mendoza, Juan Manuel; Hernández-Méndez, Javier; Ruelas-Orozco, Guillermo

doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.11.004

Cited by 67 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the past, Harigaya et al reported no significant differences in leptin levels among AGA, SGA, and large for gestational age infants after 48 h of life (29), while certain studies reported lower leptin levels in SGA than in AGA infants (38,41,42). In these studies, the authors examined SGA rather than IUGR infants, while in our study IUGR infants had a birth weight below the 3rd customized centile as calculated by the GROW computer-generated program (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…No difference was observed between leptin levels of male and female fetuses and neonates of either studied group. In the past, certain studies have suggested that leptin levels are higher in female fetuses, while others did not confirm this finding (29,32,37,38). Further studies with increased number of cases might be useful to clarify whether the known gender dimorphism in leptin levels found later in life might exist during intrauterine and neonatal life (39,40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Leptin and adiponectin concentrations in intrauterine growth restricted and appropriate for gestational age fetuses, neonates, and their mothers

Kyriakakou¹,

Malamitsi‐Puchner²,

Militsi

et al. 2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Leptin and adiponectin are two adipocytokines that play a critical role in the control of energy balance and metabolism as well as in conditions, such as insulin resistance, inflammation, and the development of the metabolic syndrome in adult life. Leptin has been associated with asymmetric intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The aim of this study was to investigate the perinatal implication of leptin and adiponectin in IUGR. Design: Leptin and adiponectin were measured in the plasma of 40 mothers, in the umbilical cord (UC) blood of their 20 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and 20 IUGR singleton, full-term fetuses, and neonates on day 1 (d1) and day 4 (d4) of life postnatally. Methods: Serum leptin and adiponectin levels were measured by RIA. Serum cortisol levels were measured with an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Results: Leptin and adiponectin serum levels were higher and lower respectively in IUGR (meanGS.E.M., 32.5G3.8 and 5.4G0.9 mg/l respectively) compared with AGA (20.4G2.1 and 11.8G1.3 mg/l respectively) mothers (P!0.05), although body mass index did not differ between these two groups. Leptin levels positively correlated with adiponectin levels in the AGA (rZ0.547, P!0.05) but not in the IUGR mothers. UC, d1, and d4 leptin and adiponectin levels did not differ between IUGR and AGA groups. UC were significantly higher than d1 leptin levels (P!0.05) in the IUGR group but not in the AGA group. Conclusions: The increased UC leptin levels compared with d1 in IUGR fetuses might be directly and/or indirectly related to the subsequent development of insulin resistance in these neonates. This pathologic situation seems to be related to a specific profile of increased leptin and decreased adiponectin levels in IUGR mothers indicating a genetic predisposition for the development of insulin resistance.European Journal of Endocrinology 158 343-348

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Leptin and adiponectin concentrations in intrauterine growth restricted and appropriate for gestational age fetuses, neonates, and their mothers

Kyriakakou¹,

Malamitsi‐Puchner²,

Militsi

et al. 2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…High serum leptin values with a loss of the regulatory effect of BMI and gender, suggest that SGA children develop an adaptative leptin resistance beneficial for their catch-up growth [48]. Nonetheless, MartinezCordero et al found lower cord blood leptin levels in SGA than adequate for gestational age (AGA) infants [49]. Furthermore, in the Haguenau study, leptin levels were found to be decreased in young adults born SGA, even after correction for gender, BMI and hyperinsulinemia [31].…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Adiponectin was inversely related to height, corrected stature, weight and BMI and directly related to birth weight [60]. In subsequent studies, adiponectin has been reported to be reduced [31,64,65], unchanged [49,66,67] or increased [67,68] in SGA subjects.…”

Section: Adiponectinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose Tissue: A Metabolic Regulator. Potential Implications for the Metabolic Outcome of Subjects Born Small for Gestational Age (SGA)

2007

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■ AbstractAdipose tissue is involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, energy balance, inflammation and immune response. Abdominal obesity plays a key role in the development of insulin resistance because of the high lipolytic rate of visceral adipose tissue and its secretion of adipocytokines. Low birth weight subjects are prone to central redistribution of adipose tissue and are at high risk of developing metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Intrauterine adipogenesis may play a key role in the fetal origin of the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, knowledge of the behavior of visceral adipose tissue-derived stem cells could provide a greater understanding of the metabolic risk related to intrauterine growth retardation, with potential clinical implications for the prevention of long-term metabolic alterations.Keywords: diabetes · SGA · adipose tissue · glucose metabolism · lipids · insulin resistance · low birth weight Adipose tissue and insulin resistancePathophysiology of visceral adipose tissue: the role of free fatty acids dipocytes are highly specialized cells that maintain whole body energy homeostasis by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. For a long time, adipocytes have been considered to be an energy depot that stores and mobilizes triglycerides [1]. Recently, adipocytes have also been recognized as an endocrine tissue because of the discovery of several adipocyte-derived molecules, including lipid metabolites and adipocytokines [2].Adipose tissue contains functionally distinct cellular subtypes, the white adipocyte, devoted to energy storage, and the brown adipocyte, which dissipates energy through thermogenesis. In the rat, brown adipose tissue is the major site of heat production. Brown fat also plays a major role in heat production in the neonates of many mammalian species. Its quantitative contribution to energy metabolism at maturity in large mammals, including humans, is uncertain. The storage of triglycerides and fatty acids in white adipose tissue occurs through the ability of insulin to stimulate significantly both glucose uptake and lipogenesis. Defects in fuel partitioning into adipocytes either because of increased adipose mass or increased circulating free fatty acids, results in dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [3].The association between type 2 diabetes and obesity is well established. Several studies have docu-

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“…A number of studies [66][67][68]. demonstrated lack of significant differences in fetal adiponectin levels between IUGR cases and AGA controls.…”

Section: Adiponectin In Pregnancy Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipocytokines in Particular Pregnancy Disorders

Canverenler¹

2015

Ann Clin Lab Res

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Body Fat at Birth and Cord Blood Levels of Insulin, Adiponectin, Leptin, and Insulin-like Growth Factor-I in Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants

Cited by 67 publications

References 35 publications

Leptin and adiponectin concentrations in intrauterine growth restricted and appropriate for gestational age fetuses, neonates, and their mothers

Leptin and adiponectin concentrations in intrauterine growth restricted and appropriate for gestational age fetuses, neonates, and their mothers

Adipose Tissue: A Metabolic Regulator. Potential Implications for the Metabolic Outcome of Subjects Born Small for Gestational Age (SGA)

Adipocytokines in Particular Pregnancy Disorders

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